488 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATUllE. 
(Bielz), livida (Menke), and glonjica (Parr.), which are separated from this 
genus by Transylvanian authors (Vest and Bielz). 
The second division comprises the circles of septemplicata (Phil.), stigmutica 
(Ziegl.), stenzii (Rossm.), conspurcata (Drap.), suhstriata (Parr.), hinotata 
(Ziegl.), Icevissima (Ziegl.), rohusta (Kiist.), semirugata (Ziegl.), and in a 
second subdivision (blue-coloured), those of dalmatina (Partsch), macarana 
(Ziegl.), grisea (Deah.), modesta (Ziegl.), ccendca (Ft^r.), exarata (Ziegl.), and 
strnngulata (Fdr.) j therefore this division corresponds to the siihgeuera 
Delima, Medora, and Agathylla of former authors. 
The third division comprises the circles of solida (Drap.), leucostigma 
(Ziegl.), and syracusana (Phil.), corresponding nearly to the subgenus Papil- 
lifera of others. 
The fourth division has filograna (Ziegl.), jpt/kmnmwa (Roth), and hicarinata 
(Roth) as centres of so many circles. 
The fifth division has olympica (Friv.), maderensis (Parr.), vcntricosa 
(Drop.), plwatula (Drap.), rugosa (Drap.), vetmta (Ziegl. ), rngkollis (Ziegl.), 
varnensis (Ph.), plicata (Drap.), moesta (Fdr.), hetcm'a (Friv.), elata (Ziegl.), 
fallax (Rossm.), varians (Ziegl.), and. interrupta (Ziegl.) j therefore it is equi- 
valent to Iphigenia^ Ladniana^ and Alinda of others. 
The sixth division has tenuilahrus (Rossm.), succineata (Ziegl.), diodon 
(Stud.), strumosa (Friv.), schmerzenbcichii (Parr.), and detersa (Ziegl.) as 
types, and is said to bo as closely allied to tlio first as to the preceding divi- 
sion, the whole arrangement forming, in fact, a circle. 
A table shows this and other affinities which could not be 
expressed in a linear arrangement. Schmidt enumerates 289 
species, and gives much information on the specific distinction 
and varieties of many of them. We shall mention only those 
which he describes completely. 
The new subgenera proposed by Vest are founded on the 
types mentioned here ; — 
Triloba : Cl. sandrii (Kiist.). 
Siciliaria : Cl. grohmanniana (Partsch) j all the species are from Sicily or 
Southern Italy. 
Cristataria ; Cl. colbeauiana (Parr.), bigibbosa (Charp.), and strangulata 
(F^r.); the species are from Syria, some of them dextral. 
Albinaria x Cl. ccerulea (F4r.), lactea (Ziegl.), contammata (Parr.), &c. 
Imbellaria : Cl. isabelUna (Pfr.). 
Dilataria : Cl. succineata (Ziegl.). 
Uncinaria : Cl. iurgida and elata (Ziegl.), top of clausilium uncinated. 
Olympia ; Cl. olympica (Friv.). 
Graciliaria (Bielz) : Cl. concilians (A. Schm.), gracilis (Pfr.), and Jilogranu 
(Ziegl.). 
Pyrustoma [this name is badly formed, 2nrum, pear, being a Latin, not a 
Greek noun j the name so formed and spelt signifies fire-mouth or wheat- 
mouth, but never pear-mouth, which ought to be Apiostoma j there exists 
already a name, formed by Hartmann, for this division, Macrogast)xi] : Cl. 
latestriata (Bielz), vcntricosa (Drap.), plicatula (Drap.), &c. 
Triyonostoma [name preoccupied as subgeneric for Helix obvoluta']'. Cl. 
hergeri (Meyer). 
