GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 127 
in all 60, of which about 37 are terrestrial, 7 belong to the fresh water, and 6 
or more to brackish water. J. de Conch, xix. pp. 1-33. 
Annaa Island. 16 terrestrial Mollusca are enumerated by Pease (ibid. 
p. 92), including 6 spp. of Melampus, and some others which are rather in- 
habitants of brackish water, but only 3 Helicidce. The existence of Partula 
on this island is denied. 
6. Tropical America. 
Crosse and Fischer have commenced a special account of 
the land and freshwater Mollusca of Mexico and Central 
America (chiefly Guatemala), founded principally on materials 
collected by Boucard and Bocourt. In the introduction they 
give a detailed list of naturalists who have collected Mollusca in 
these countries, the fauna of which they consider to he that of N. 
America invaded by S. American forms. The text (so far as 
the Recorder has seen it) comprises Strebelia, Streptostyla, Pe- 
tenia, Glandina, and Zonites, all spp. of which recorded from 
these countries are named, with full accounts of literature ; many 
new species are described and figured, and very valuable ana- 
tomical accounts given. 
The physical geography of the West-India Islands, in con- 
nexion with the distribution of the terrestrial Mollusca, is the 
object of a very interesting paper by Bland : the islands from 
Trinidad to St. Lucia inclusive, connected by a submerged ridge, 
appear to have spp. nearly allied- to those of S. America; while 
the fauna of the islands on the northern side of the Caribbean 
Sea, from Cuba to the Virgin and Anguilla banks, is derived from 
Mexico and Central America. P. Am. Phil. Soc. 1871, pp. 56-63. 
64 spp. of land-shells from the valley of Quito are enumerated, and their 
geographical relations described, by Bland, Am. Nat. v. pp. 696-698. 
28 spp. of land-shells (some new) collected by Orton in the upper region 
of the R. Amazon are enumerated by Crosse in J. de Conch, xix. pp. 312- 
318. 
7. North America., 
Cooper continues his critical remarks concerning the land-snails of the W. 
coast of N. America, chiefly discussing Vitrina and Helix (Lysinoe, Arionta, 
Mesompliix), with reference to their geographical distribution. Am. J. Conch. 
V. pp. 199-219. 
~ Alcott has found Melania virginica and carinata in Massachusetts. Am. 
Nat. iv. p. 260. 
Verrill enumerates 10 spp. of freshwater shells found in Lake Superior. 
Am. J. Sc. (3) ii. pp. 448 & 449. 
h . Marine Mollusca. 
1. European Seas. 
Manzoni gives a very short account of recent deep-sea explorations. 
Bull. Malac. iv. pp. 108-110. 
Morch enumerates 233 spp. of marine- Mollusca (160 Gastropods and 93 
Bivalves), from the coasts of Denmark, with numerous localities for most of 
