452 
VERMES. 
Dracunculiis. On a supposed case of Guinea-worm in a patient from S. 
Carolina, cf. S. W. Mitchell, Pr. Ac. Philad. 1870 (Biol. & Min. Dept.), 
p. 11. 
Ichthyonema ylohiceps, Rud. Structure fully described and figured by Wil- 
lemoes-Suhni (Z. wiss. Zool. xxi. pp. 190-200, pi. 18), who considers it to be 
most nearly related to Mermis, 
Spiroptera obtusa, Bud., infests mice, rats, &c. Its larva lives in the fat 
surrounding' the digestive tube of the larva of Tenehrio molitor. Its anatomy, 
development, &c. are fully described and figured by P. Marchi, Mem. Acc. 
Tor. (6) XXV. pp. 1-30, pis. 1 & 2. 
Trichina spiralis. Statistical tables of its occurrence in Germany, Den- 
mark, and Sweden from 1864 to 1868. It may have been introduced into 
Europe either by the agency of an infected person from abroad, by rats, or by 
the importation of Chinese pigs. All pork should be microscopically ex- 
amined; and no diseased meat, whether trichinized or not, should be allowed 
to bo used for food. Where trichinosis exists, it is advisable to extirpate the 
rats in the district. Gerlach, JB. Ges. Hannov. 18 & 19, pp. 17-24. 
Nine cases of trichinosis, from 1858 to 1868, are recorded by L. Landois, 
MT. Vorpomm. i. pp. 66-62, in this district. 
Trichince also occur in the muscular parts of certain insects. Du Plessis, 
Bull. Soc. Vaud. x. p. 734. 
Stephanurus dentatus, Diesing, ^ Sclerostoma pinyuicolaf Verrill, called ‘‘ The 
kidney- worm ” in America, occurs in cysts throughout the intenial organs 
and fatty parts of the pig generally, but is most abundant in the fat about the 
kidneys. W. B. Fletcher, Am. J. Sc. (3) i, pp. 435-437 ; copied, M. Micr. J. 
vi. pp. 103 & 104. It is also found in Australia : cf. Morris & Cobbold, M. 
Micr. .1. vi. pp. 243-248. 
Atdastoma lacustre and Gordius lac%istris : cf. J. Leidy, P. Ac. Philad. 1871, 
PP.306&307. 
Polygordias. On a new species from the Crimea, and on the development 
of two young larvm observed at Villafrauca, cf. E. Metschnikofl^ Bull. Pdtersb. 
XV. pp. 603-505. 
Ilcdruris armata, sp. n., E. Perrier, C. R. Ixxii. pp. 337-339 ; N. Arch. Mus. 
vii. pp. 1-64, pis. 2. Adheres to the mucous membrane at the back of the 
mouth of Emys picta. The anatomy is very fully described, and compared 
with that of the other species of the genus, and previous observations noticed. 
All the species of Ilcdruris probably live in pairs. * 
Oucullanus dumerili, sp. n., Ann. Sc. Nat. (5) xv. (no. 11), pp. 8; N. Arch. 
Mus. vii. p. 30. In the intestines of Emys picta. lie fully describes the buccal 
valves and the muscles which move them, and controverts the opinion of 
Schmarda that the action of the difierent parts of the mouth is purely passive. 
The valves are connected rather with the tegumentary than with the diges- 
tive system, and may therefore be regarded as distantly analogous to 
the lips of Filaria and Ilcdruris, 
ACANTHOCEPHALA. 
' Echinorhynchus yigas. Schneider’s account of its development {cf. Zool. 
Rec, vii. pp. 475, 479) is translated, Ann N. H. (4) vii. pp. 441-443, from 
SB. oberhess. Ges. (March, 1871) 
