TITLES OP WORKS, ETC. 
47 
Parker, W. K. On the Morphology of the Skull in the Woodpeckers 
{Picidce) and Wrynecks ( Yungidoe) Tr. L. S. (2) i. pp. 1-22, pis. i.-iv. 
The Woodpeckers (with .which Yunx is associated) are in this paper 
placed in a group equivalent to the MgithognaihcE of Huxley, which 
the author calls Saurognathce^ from the Lacertian characters displayed 
by the structure of the skull in these birds. His investigations extend 
chiefly to the palate, and the cartilages forming the nasal passages. 
He finds numerous small ossicles of bone in the anterior portion of 
the skull, which he looks upon as remnants of bone structure more 
fully developed in ancestral forms, and surviving to some extent in the 
Lizards. The plates are drawn on a magnified scale, and are very^clear 
in their execution. 
Patterson, R. Lloyd. Further notes on some of the Swimming Birds 
frequenting Belfast Lough, with special reference to the Great 
Northern Diver. P. Belf. Soc. 1874-75, pp. 126-129. 
Paves I, P. Intorno ad una nuova forma di trachea di Manucodia. 
Ann. Mus. Genov, vi. pp. 316-324, pi. x. 
The singular convolutions of the trachea observable in Manucodia 
keraudreni, are discussed in this paper, and a list of birds is given in 
which the trachea is found to take peculiar folds before separating into 
the bronchial tubes. A plate shows two forms in which the trachea of 
M. keraudreni is found. 
Pelzeln, August von. On some Birds from Spanish Guiana collected 
by Herr Miintzberg. Ibis, 1875, pp. 329-332. 
A short list of birds supposed to have been collected between the 
Upper Rio Negro, the Orinoco, and the adjacent parts of New Granada. 
{^CypselidcBj Troglodytidm, Scolopacidce.'] 
— ^ — . Notiz fiber Myiagra caledonica^ Bonap. J. f. O. 1875, pp. 50-52. 
\Muscicapidm.'\ 
. Africa- Indien. Darstellung der Beziehungen zwischen der afri- 
canischen und indo-malayischen Yogel-Fauna, nebst allgemeineren 
Betrachtungen fiber die geographische Verbreitung der Saugethiere. 
Verb. z.-b. Wien, xxv. p. 33. 
After quotations from authors who have spoken of the probability of 
the former continent between India and Africa (Sclater’s “ Lemuria”), 
the author gives lists of the groups and species of birds which indicate 
a relationship between the Avifaunas of Africa and Madagascar on the 
one hand, and those of India, the Malayan Archipelago, and Australia 
on the other, so as to show more exactly what the present amount of this 
relationship is in the class of Birds. Turning now to Mammals, which 
have the advantage of the extinct forms being better known, he discusses 
many general points in their distribution, particularly those jbearing upon 
the same question, i.e., the relationship of Africa, Madagascar, and India. 
He comes to the conclusion finally, that the ordinary six geographical 
regions proposed by Sclater should be modified as follows: — 
