QEOaRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
147 
western side, e.g., Dreissena rostriformis (Desb.), and very large speci- 
mens of Hydrohia caspia (Eichw.) living* A preliminary notice in 
Z. wiss. Zool. XXV. pp. 3^23 & 324. 
3 . Eastern Coast of North America. 
The results of dredgings in the Gulf of Maine in 1874 [Zool. Rec. xi. 
p. 127], are also given by A. S. Packard, jun., in Am. Nat. viii. pp. 
14.5-155, with some woodcuts representing known aretic shells ; he 
comes to the conclusion that the fauna of the deeper portions of the 
gulf is almost purely arctic. 
4 . Tropical and Southern Atlantic. 
Cape Verde Islands. A number of shells dredged in the recent state 
from 47 fathoms near these islands, by the naturalists of the German 
corvette ‘ Gazelle,’ proved to be species hitherto only or chiefly known 
in the fossil state in the sub-Apennine strata, viz., Ranella Icevigata 
(Lam.), Nassa prismatica (Brocchi), Xenophora crispa (Koenig), and 
Mitra scrohiculata (Bl^occhi) ; E. v. Martens, SB. nat. Fr* 1875, 
pp. 25-28. 
West Indies. The Scalariidce., Solariidoe, Pyramidellidoe^ Eulimidm. 
Stiliferidce, Bullidce, and AplysUdm, and the Nudihranchia^ collected by 
Krebs & Riise, in the Danish Islands of the West Indies, are treated by 
O. A. Morch, Mai. Bl. xxii. pp. 142-184. 
Some marine shells from Oumana, Venezuela, by no means common in 
the West Indies, two apparently new, and some others from the shores 
of Trinidad, mentioned by R. J. Lechmere Guppy, Ann. N. H. (4) xv. 
pp. 49-52. 
A list of 72 sea-shells collected by Fritz Muller in Desterro, Southern 
Brazil, with critical remarks and descriptions -of new species ; W. Bun- 
ker, JB. mal. Ges. ii. pp. 240-254. 
5 . Indian Ocean. 
Red Sea. The spepies of the genera Murex, Tritonium, Ranella, Fas- 
ciolaria, Turhinella, and Fusus, living in the Red Sea, are discussed by 
C. Tapparone-Canefri, Ann. Mus. Genov, vii. pp. 569-630, pi. i. ; Murex 
trunculus (L.) is probably wrongly indicated as living in that sea by 
Reeve, but fossil specimens of it occur in Egypt. The species of Vul- 
sella, Crenatula, Malleus, and Avicula, collected byO. Jickeli in the Red 
Sea, are enumerated and discussed by W. Dunker, JB. mal. Ges. ii. 
pp. 1-7; those of the genus Conus by C. Jickeli, tom. cit. pp. 63- 
71, pi. i. 
A list of sea-shells from Ceylon by A. W. Langdon, Q. J. Conch, i. 
pp. 71-76. 
New and critical shells from the Indian Sea, chiefly Ceylon and 
man islands, and from the Persian Gulf, treated by G. & H. Nevill, 
J. A. S. B. (n.s.) xliv. pt. 2, pp. 83-104, pis. vii. & viii. 
