218 
CRUSTACEA. 
Niagara, P, trilineatus (Koch) and P. convems (Geer), both New England 
and Niagara. Fifteen species are peculiar to California or Mexico, 
among them five genera not represented in Europe, viz., Styloniscus, 
Alloniscus, Mhinoryctes, PseudarmadillOf and Sjphcerillo. 
Oave Fauna, 
The following species of Crustacea living in caves are enumerated and 
shortly described by E. Simon, J. ZooL iv. pp. 114-116 : — 
Decapoda: Troglocaris schmidti (Dorm.), Oarnioha, and Cambarus 
^ellucidus (Tellk.), Kentucky. 
Amphipoda ; Niphargus suhterraneus (Leach) = puteanus (0. Koch) 
aquilex and stygius (Schiodte), Carniolia, also in wells. 
Isopoda : Titanethes albus (Schiodte), Carniolia and Istria, Ccecidothea 
stygia (Packard, 1872), Kentucky, Armadillo cacahuamilpensis 
(Bilimek, 1867), Mexico, and Monolistra caeca (Gerstacker, 1866), 
Carniolia, the last belonging to the Sphceroinidm. 
Hints and directions for collecting Crustacea by Mobius and Ger- 
stacker in Neumayer’s “ Anleitung zu wissenschaftlichen Beebachtungen 
auf Reisen,” Berlin : 1875, 8vo, pp. 418, 419, & 457-459. 
DECAPODA. 
Brocchi describes and figures the male generative organs, 
especially the external appendages, of a large number of Decapods of 
nearly all the chief families ; he comes to the conclusion that the 
situation of the genital orifice is not very important for purposes of 
classification ; in all Macrura, and in the large majority of Brachyura, 
it is situated in the basilar joint of the fifth pair of legs, only in most 
Catometopa (except Telphusidoe) its place is apparently on the sternal 
shield, though on closer examination it is found to be in a prolongation 
of the basilar joint enclosed by the plates of the sternum ; in Palinurus^ 
Birgus, and Ccenobita the orifice is situated on a tubercle of the basilar 
joint, which has a peculiar form in each of those three genera. The 
external appendages offer more differences ; they are entirely wanting 
in the Carides (except the Peneidae)^ the genus Astacoides among the 
AstacidcCf the Palinuridce and Scyllaridce^ and the abnormal Macrura 
generally : they consist of only one pair of transformed abdominal 
feet in the Peneidae^ Homarus^ and the Galateidcc] two pairs of 
abdominal feet are transformed into genital appendages in the males of 
the rest of the Decapods. Their shape is very different in the various 
families, genera, and even species : each family usually has its peculiar 
facies as regards them, though sometimes considerable differences are 
found in different species of the same genus, e. g., in Cambarus ^ 
Goniosoma, and Plagusia. Ann. Sci. Nat. (6) ii. art. 2, 131 pp. pis. 
jdii.-xix. 
The presence of spermatophores in the Decapods upheld, in opposi- 
tion to Hallez ; id. 1. c. pp. 29, 66 & 96. 
