244 
ARACHNIDA. 
1837, Motschoulsky, 1849, Kessler, 1849, Doblika, 1853, Dolcschall, 1852, 
Belke, 1858-1866, Kolenati, 1857, Keyserling, 1862, Nordmann, 1863, 
Menge, 1866, L. Koch, 1866-1870, E. Simon, 1871-1873, Ausserer, 1871, 
and O. P. Cambridge, 1873. The number of species contained in the 
present work is 303 ; and of these 66 are described as new ; 14 families 
are represented, the species being distributed as follows : — Epeirides, 
37; I'lieridiides, \ Scytodes^ 4; Enyoides,!; Agetenides, 22i Dras- 
eides, 42 ; Dysderides^ 8 ; Theraphosides, 1 ; Heteropodides, 2 ; TTiomi- 
sides^ 43; Ly cosides, 40; Oxyopides, 2; Eresides, 2; Attides, 47. 16 
species from the Crimea represent the South European fauna. 
[Thorell, T.] Descriptions of several European and North African 
Spiders. Sv. Ak. Handl. (n.f.) xiii. No. 5, pp. 3-203. 
The descriptions of the greater part of the new genera and species 
contained in this work have been already published in the two works last 
above recorded. 24 species are, however, described here as new. A 
long note is added in reply to criticisms by Eugene Simon in Mdm. 
Liege (2) v. [1873], p. 5, on the author’s works, “ European Spiders” and 
“ Remarks on Synonyms of European Spiders,” showing that Simon had 
greatly misunderstood these works. In another note, the author doubts 
the tenability of Simon’s theory in re.spect to the essential difference 
between nocturnal and diurnal eyes ; and, in a subsequent note, also 
questions his position that the bite of Latrodectus is harmless, allowing 
at the same time, that the stories of the great venom of different species 
of this genus may be exaggerated. The present work is reviewed by the 
Recorder in Nature, xiii. pp. 281-283. 
Underhill, H. M. J. Spiders’ Webs and Spinnerets. Sci. Goss. 1875, 
pp. 132-135, 195-198, figs. 87-90, 125-128. 
The author gives reasons, based on personal observation, for con- 
cluding that each of the different kinds of threads found in spiders’ webs 
is produced by its special pair of spinners ; and that the viscid globules 
found studding the lines of Epeirid webs, as well as the adhesive matter 
used by all spiders to attach their threads to objects, and in the con- 
struction of their cocoons, are due to some special spinning tubes [spin- 
nerets] of a peculiar shape and of a larger size than the rest. With the 
Epeirce^ these tubes are three in number, on the first pair of spinners ; in 
other spiders, they are two, on the third pair. 
Wetter, W. A. G. I Smaland och Skane hittils iakttagne Spindlar 
jemte nagra ord om deras lefnadssatt. [Inaugural thesis on apply- 
ing for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy] Lund ; 1874, pp. 1-33. 
An exposition of the order, and Latreillian sub-orders, of spiders is 
followed by a list of 237 species, distributed among 62 gene>-a of the 
following '—Epeiroidce, 28 species; Theridioidce, 88; Agele- 
noid(E, 17 ; Drassoidce, 26 ; Dysderoidce, 26 ; Thomisoidce, 28 ; Lycosoidoi, 
29; Attoidoi, 20. [The fsLm. Agelenoidai includes the fam. Dictynides 
(Cambr.).] 
