APHIDIDjE. 
513 
Lichtenstein, J. Zur biologie der Gattung Phylloxera. S. E. Z. 
' xxxvi. pp. 355-360. 
The author is inclined to refer this genus to the Coccidm. Twenty- 
one forms are described from the winter egg to the sexed individual. 
Five species are known to the author ; Phylloxera vastatrix, Planchon 
{Pemphigus vitifolice, Fitch, Dactylosphmra vitifoUcBj Shimer, Peritymhia 
’vitisana, Westw.), P. quercus, Fonsc. {Vaccuna coccinea^ Heyd., P. coc- 
cinea, Kalt.), P. rileyi, Licht. (P. corticalis^ Kalt., P. lichtensteini, Balb.), 
P. halhianii, Licht., and P. acanthochermes^ Licht. {Acanthochermes quer- 
cus^ Koll.). Cf. also the same author’s observations in Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 
(5) V. pp. xxxiv. & XXXV., and pp. cxi.-cxiii. In the latter place, alternative 
migrations of P. quercus are recorded, and P. rileyi, lichtensteini, haU 
hianii, coccinea, and acanthochermes, are provisionally referred to P . 
quercus as different stages. 
Targioni-Tozzetti, a. Della Malattia del Pidocchio {Phylloxera 
vastatrix, Planch.) nella Vite, secondo gli studii fatti in Europa ed 
in America. Roma : 1 875, pp* 1-158, pi. (From the Annali del 
R. Ministero di Agricoltura, Industria, e Commercio: Parte la, 
Agricoltura). 
0. V. Riley, Rep. Ins. Mo. vii. pp. 117 & 118, gives a synopsis (with 
bibliographical references and brief notices of galls) of American 
species. It is doubtful whether the American oak species occurs in 
Europe ; id. 1. c. p. 1J9, note. A supplement to former reports ; id, 1. c. 
pp. 90-117. A table of the different forms of P. vastatrix is given. 
This author. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) v. pp. cxli.-exliv., recounts the 
results obtained at Montpellier by the introduction of American vines 
capable of resisting the Phylloxera. He follows Lichtenstein in the 
polymorphism of P. quercus, but thinks P. rileyi a good species, and 
differs from that author’s opinion as to Phylloxera being more correctly 
referable to the Coccidm. Lichtenstein, tom. cit. pp. clvi. & clvii., defends 
the position, relying on the oviparous reproduction of Phylloxera, as, 
agreeing with Walsh, he classes Homoptera under the heads “viviparous” 
(at least in summer), Ajjhididce, and “ always oviparous,” Coccidm. Minor 
characters are also discussed. 
Riley, Tr. Ac. St. Louis, iii. pp. 281-287, records experiments show- 
ing that the winged agamous female deposits her eggs in crevices round 
the base of the vine, but more often on the leaves, and from these 
eggs he has reared the progeny artificially. P. vastatrix, 5 , and P. 
carymcaulis, ^ , are figured (fig. 22). The knowledge of the nidus of 
the winged $ is of no practical use ; the impregnated egg probably 
hatches in the same season that it is laid; and Lichtenstein’s term 
“ pupa” for the sexed eggs is unwarranted. 
? Phylloxera carymcaulis, Fitch. A magnified figure of the male ; 
id. Rep. Ins. Mo. vii. p. 99, tig. 19. 
Phylloxera rileyi (Licht.), Riley. Fully described, and $ figured, 
with detail ; id. 1. c. pp. 118-121, fig. 22. 
V. Fatio gives detailed observations on the last degree of development 
1875. [vOL. XII.] LL 
