560 
C(ELENTERATA. 
3. Olaus, C. Ueber die Structur der Muskelcellen uud iiber den Korper- 
bau von Mnestr a parasites^ Kr. Verb. z.-b. Wien, xxv. pp. 9-12, pi. i. 
4. Grappe, E. (a) Solla comparsa delle Lucernaria presso Trieste; 
Boil. Soc. Adriat. i. p. 191. (b) Ueber die Erscheinungszeiten der 
pelagischen Hydromedusen und Akalephen im Meerbusen der Adria 
bei Triest ; 1. c. pp. 303-306. 
5. Harting, P. Notices zoologiques faites pendant un sejour ^ Sch^ve- 
ningen du 29 Juin on 29 Juillet, 1874. Niederl. Arch. Zool. ii. 
pp, 1-7, pi. i. figs. 1-5 (Abstr. J. Zool. iv. pp. 187-190, v. pp. 
87-89 ; Arch. Z. exp^r. v. pp. xix.-xxi. ; Arch. sci. nat. liv. pp. 434 
& 435). 
6. Korotnefp, a. de. Sur I’anatomie et I’histologie de la Lucernaire 
0. R. Ixxxi. p. 827 (abstr. R. Z. 3, iii.,pp. Ixi. & Ixxii.). 
7. Schulze, P. E. Coelenteraten. Jahresbericht der Commission zur 
wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere fiir die Jahre 
1872-73 (Berlin : 1875), pp. 121-142, pi. ii. (abstr. Z. ges. Naturw. 
xiii. pp. 173-181). 
8 . . Ueber die Cuninen-Knospenahren im Magen von Geryonien. 
MT. Ver. Steierm. 1875, pp. 1-36, pi. i. (abstr. Z. ges. Naturw. xii« 
pp. 494 & 495). 
9. Uliantn, B. Ueber die Knospung der Cuninen im Magen der Gery- 
oniden, eine vorlaufige Mittheilung. Arch. f. Nat. xli. pp. 333-337* 
Anatomy, Evolution, &c. 
Harting (5) observes, that the eggs of Cyanea are not naked, but 
provided with a relatively thick vitelline membrane, which is perforated 
by delicate canaliculi. The crystalline otoliths of Cyanea and Chry- 
saora are not composed of carbonate, but perhaps of phosphate of lime. 
Also remarks on the nervous system and marginal sense-organs of Eucojae 
{Campanularia gelatinosa). 
Schulze (8) has studied the presumed “ Allseogenesis ” (Heckel), or “ He- 
terogenesis ” (Leuckart) in Geryonia hexaphylla^ Per. It is, as suggested 
by Steenstrup, simply a case of pseudo-parasitism, or commensalism. 
The claviform “ stolones,” or hollow tubes, on the external surface of 
which the Uwwma-buds are formed through ovagination in the usual 
manner, are not structurally continuous with the “ tongue ” of the 
Geryonia f but foreign organisms, without any genetic relation to their 
host, only attached, in varying number, to the inner surface of its 
stomach. The observations by McCrady and others, which throw light 
on the subject, are adduced. Clianin (9), who has examined Carmarina 
hastata, arrives at similar results, and shows that the gemmiparous tubi- 
form polypite, which is not always fixed to the inner wall of the stomach 
of the jelly fish, sometimes to the subumbrella, behind the velum, origi- 
nates from a ciliated larva, which may be found free floating in the sea, 
or established in the stomach or in the radial channels of the Carmarina. 
Claus (3) has contributed some details bn the remarkable medusiform 
parasite of Phyllirhoe. 
