SPONGOZOA. 
509 
j 4 morphina appendicidata (N. E. of Oromer), paciscens (Portobello) ; 
Tedania increscena (p. 116); Suberites diance (p. 116, pi. i. fig. 1) ; Come- 
tella spermatozoon (fig. 2) ; Bursalina (g. n.) muta (figs. 3 & 4) ; Injta- 
tella (g. n.) pellicula, p. 117, fig. 6; Desmacidon filiferum (fig. 6), horeni^ 
neptuni (fig. 7), emphysema (p. 118), physa (figs. 8 & 9), crux (figs. 10 & 
11) ; Esperia lanugo (Store Baslt) and rhopalophora (fig. 12) ; Cladorrhiza 
pennatula (p. 119, figs. 14-16) ; Sceptrella triloba (figs. 17 & 18) ; Raspa- 
ilia mcebii (p. 120) ; Pseudaxinella (g. n.) sulcata ; Spirastrella vidua. 
The following notes may give a preliminary idea of the new 
genera : — 
Pseudaxinella. Unbranched, club-shaped or lobate shrub-like, without 
any corneous axis of basket-like tissue; spicula those of Axinella, h\xt 
not distinctly cemented together. 
Inflatella. Longish bladders, fixed directly through the proximal ex- 
tremity of the body wall, or through some flattish excrescences, ending 
distally in a few closed or perforate processes ; needles of the parenchyme 
somewhat swollen at one extremity, obtusely pointed at the other. 
Bursalina. Monozoic, stalked, hollow, fusiform or roundish; oscu- 
lum obliterate, wanting ; body cavity partially filled with a flocculate 
substance, containing needles of the body wall ; these are in the ex- 
ternal portion obtusely pointed or pin-shaped, placed vertically to the 
surface, with prominent points ; those of the inner layer and of the 
stalk larger, somewhat swollen in the middle, forming 14-18 vertical 
ridges on the inner aspect of the cavity, connected by secondary strings 
into a rather regular meshwork, including in its meshes funnel-shaped 
intromittent pores. 
The following new siliceo-fibrous ” (vitreous, hexactinellid) sponges 
are described by Bowerbank (2) : — Farrea gassioti, p. 272, pi. xxxix. 
figs. 1-3, and pocillum, p. 273, pi. xxxix. figs. 4-8 (West Indies); Jistu- 
lata, p. 276, pi. xl. figs. 3 & 4, and Icevis, p. 278, pi. xl. figs. 6 & 6 (? W. 
Indies); parasitica, p. 279, pi. xl. fig. 7 (W. Indies) ; valida, p. 607, pi. 
Ivii. figs. 1 & 2, spinosissima, p. 608, pi. Ivii. figs. 3 & 4, and spinifera, 
p. 668, pi. Ixi. (? W. Indies) ; spinulenta, p. 660, pi. Ixi. figs. 2 & 3 (Tri- 
poli) ; aculeata, p. 661, pi. Ixii. fig. 1, and robusta, p. 662, pi. Ixii. figs. 2-6 
(West Indies P). ' 
Deanea (g. n.), id. 1. c. “ Skeleton siliceo-fibrous, fibres canaliculated ; 
canals continuous ; rete symmetrical ; areas rotulate, confluent.” (Inter- 
mediate between Iphiteon and Farrea'). D. virgultosa, sp. n. id. 1. c. 
p. 276, pi. xl. figs. 1 & 2 (West Indies ?). 
Additions are further made to the knowledge of Alcyoncellum specio- 
sum {Euplectella aspergillum and cucumer), id. 1. c. pp. 603-607, pis. Ivi. & 
Ixi. fig. 4, and (3) p. 607 ; and Hyalonema mirabile (3, pp. 608-610). The 
author gives his reasons (partly based on the different arrangements of 
the spicules, in the “ basal ” and lateral portion of the investment of the 
conical sponge) for supposing that the sponge is attached through its 
broader terminal surface, and that the glass rope (‘‘ the spiral column 
of the cloacal system ”) is not plunged in the mud of the sea-bottom ; 
and he further persists in not acknowledging the “ mamilloid or oscular 
organs” as “polype cells.” KustermAnn (13) and Wright (19), on the 
