132 
MOLLUSC A. 
tribes of North America, made chiefly from Venu^i mercenaria (L.) on the 
east coast, and from a species of Dentalium \_pretiosum (Nuttall)] on 
the west coast, with quotations from earlier writers ; he remarks that 
pieces made from Olivella biplicata (Sow.) and Lucapina crenulata 
(Sow.) have also boon found in old Indian graves; P. Oal. Ac. v. 
pp. 113-120, pi. vi. 
O. A. Morcii has made some notes on the recognition of Linnean 
species, pointing out that Linn4 follows Lister in several points; Forh. 
Skand. naturf. mote 1873, Kjobenhavn, pp. 415 & 416. 
The catalogue of the collection of the late Giov. Rigacci, of Rome, 
contains 9366 species, with synonyms and localities ; the genera are 
arranged in systematical, the species in alphabetical, order. 
Notes on the collection of the Marquis Paulucci, at Novoli, near 
Florence, are to be found in A. Tiiielen’s ‘Voyage en Italic’ (Tirle- 
mont: 1874). 
CEPHALOPODA. 
The cartilages, structure of the skin, and vascular system of the 
Cephalopods, are discussed by Keller ; according to him, the chromato- 
phores are cells with a nucleus, their contraction is effected without any 
muscles or nerves, as in the lymphoid cells, and as in the pigment-cells in 
the frog and chameleon ; glossy particles, or “ spangles,” contribute to 
the change in colour. Ber. St. Gall. Ges., 1872-3, p. 447, 1 pi. 
The nervous ganglions and their composition in Sepia officinalis are 
minutely described, from examination of transverse sections ; L. Stieda, 
Z. wiss. Zool. xxiv. pp. 84-120, pi. xiii. 
The structure of the eye of the Cephalopods is discussed by H. Gren- 
acher, tom. cit. p. 574. 
M. Ussow has examined the structure of the ovary and development 
in Sepia ^ Sepiola^ Ommastrephes^ and Argonauta \ with the result, that 
from the upper germinal stratum originate the cavity of the inner shell, 
the epidermis of the whole body and of the gills, the eyes, auditory and 
olfactory organs, and pericardium, and the cartilages of the head and 
funnel ; the middle germinal layer gives origin on one side to the gills, 
arms, all muscles, true skin and its chromatophores, peritoneum, branchial 
hearts, kidneys and all blood-vessels, and central and peripheral nervous 
system ; and on the other side to the veins and arteries, heart, muscular 
layer of the intestine, and ink-bag. The internal stratum, formed by 
invagination of the upper, gives origin to the epithelium of the intestine 
and its appendages (as co3cum, liver, and salivary glands). Arch. f. 
Nat. xl. pt. 2, pp. 329-372 (and in Russian, Arb. Petersb. Ges. v. pt. 
