TUNfCATA. 
195 
transverse division into several buds, pushed forwards within the 
mantle. In the latter, a multiplication of the buds themselves by 
transverse division is stated to take place ; in each bud, the further 
development begins by the inner cavity being separated into three 
parts, the two lateral forming the peri thoracal space, the middle one the 
branchial sac ; the branchial clefts are of late origin ; the mouth and 
anus are formed by sinking inwards from outside, and the genital 
organs within the skin. Arch. mikr. Anat. x. pp. 441-470, pis. xxx. 
& xxxi. 
4 .M 10 dovolopmont of the gems in Jh)fv}flh(a is the object of a paper by 
N. KiMTSCirAdiN, publislied in Rapisky Kiew Nat. iii. 1870 (in Russian) ; 
the first stages agree to a groat extent with those o[. rcrophoralisicri^ 
described op. cit. i. [1870] p. 79. 
Gan in’s observations on the development of Didemnum and Botryllus 
[see Zool. Rec. vii. pp. 185 & 186] have been published in full in a 
Programme of the University of Warsaw, 1870, No. 4, 66 pp. 9 pis. 
Some notes on the development of the individual organs of the 
Tunicata (previously published in an unconnected form) are given by 
Ussow, Arb. Petersb. Ges. v. pp. xxii. & xxxviii. 
GiAiin has observed in the tails of the larvneof Molgula and Cynthia a 
structure which he compares with the rays of the fins in young fishes. 
C. R. Ixxviii. pp. 1860-1863. This has been before stated by E. Morse. 
Some biological observations on Ascidians and BotrylU as to colour, 
mimicry, &c., by Giard, Arch. Z. exp^r. ii. p. 481. 
AsCIDIiE SIMPLICES. 
Ascidia mmtiila (L.) with full anatomical description, ohliqua, 
pUhcia, rudis, and deprossa (Alder), cristata (Risso), scahra (0. F. 
Miill.), and miiricata, asjjera, coridcea, verrucosa., rubescens, spp. nn,, 
all from the Adriatic Sea ; C. Heller, Donk. Ak. Wien, xxxiv. 20 pp. 
6 pis. 
Ascidia mollis., sp. n., Verrill, Am. J. Sci. (3) vii. p. 409, fig. 2, wood- 
cut, and P. Am. Ass. 1873 (June, 1874), p. 390, pi. i. fig. 6, woodcut. 
Casco Bay, Maine, 48-107 fathoms. 
Chelyosoma geometricum (Stimps.) figured ; id. P. Am. Ass. 1873, pi. i. 
fig. 6. 
Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, as Ascidia) and what appears to be a 
nurse of it, corresponding to the genus Mammaria (Miill.), described by 
T. Tellkampf. Ann. Lyc. N. York, x. pp. 83-91, pi. iii. 
AsciDiiE composite:. 
Didemnum stytiferujn, sp. n., Kowalewsky, 1. c. p. 441, pi. xxx. 
Red Sea. 
SALPiE. 
Todaro’s observations on the development and anatomy of SaljJce, 
