APIDiE. 
349 
pona^ wax is secreted on the dorsal surface of the abdomen, and the cells 
are filled with food before the eggs are laid ; some species are parasitic. 
Fritz Muller, in lilt. ; Nature, ix. p. 308. Further observations on these 
and allied Brazilian bees (two new species, Trigona mirim and lilliput^ 
being named, but not described) ; id. op. cit. x. p. 102. 
Apis mellifica. Griotti Ulivi (La Partenogenesi e Semipartenogenesi 
delle Api. Firenze, Roma : 1874, 8vo, pp. 1-24), from experiments, 
comes to the following conclusions : — 1, That there can be no true par- 
thenogenesis when a fertile copulation is admitted. 2, That the effect 
of the spermatic threads does not consist of a simple excitement of the 
supposed vital germ pre-existing in the egg, but of a real infusion of the 
absolute principle of life. 3, That no transformation of sex can be 
effected by spermatic injection. 
On power of intercommunication, <^c., in bees, see Lubbock, supra. 
Origin of the sting of the bee. A. S. Packard notes the priority of 
his oAvn discovery over Oulianin, Krapelin, and Ganin ; Am. Nat. viii. 
p. 431. 
F?([)ovimonts on formoutation iu boos, boo-broad, atid pollen; and on 
some of the clemonts of honoy ; Frlcnmeyer, 8B. bayer. Ak. iv. pp. 
.204-207. 
Circular combs, made by bees iu hives moulded to shape for that pur- 
pose, recorded by M. Girard, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) iv. p. ix. 
G. de Layens’s ‘ Elevage des Abeilles par les precedes modefnes ’ 
reviewed. Pet. Nouv. vi. p. 458. 
Instance of retention of memory of an old locality by bees ; J. Top- 
ham, Nature, ix. p. 484. 
Black specimens from Ireland ; J. O. Westwood, P. E. Soc. 1874, 
p. xix. 
Nciv genera and rpecies : — 
Pseudoosmia [sic], RadoschkoAvsky, Hor. Ent. Ross. x. p. 152. Maxil- 
lary palpi 4- jointed ; ventral pallette formed of long, strong hairs, not 
depressed, but forming rows of isolated brushes ; mandibles bidentate 
in $ . Megachile ci'istata, Fonsc., Osmia hisulca, Gerst., 0. andrenoides, 
Spin., 0. spinulosa, Kby., 0. panzeri, Mor., and P. jahovlevi., p. 155, Astra- 
can, taurica, p. 157, Crimea, parva., p. 158, Frauenfold, U)-signnfn, p. 159, 
Algeria, Egypt, id. 1. c. 
Plistotrichia, Morawitz, /. c. p. 1.34. BetAvoon Ifnhrnpoda and 
Tetralonia, and especially like the 5 of the latter. Type, Nomia flavi- 
labris, Lucas. 
Parevaspis^ C. Ritsema, Tijdschr. Ent. xvii. Versl. p. Ixxi. Allied to 
Slelis, Evaspis, Anfhidium. Stelis carhnnai'ia?Lndahdo7ninalis,Smit\\, 
and P. hasalis, id. l.c. p. Ixxii., Japan. 
Osmia viridana, p. 150, nana, p. 152, Derbent, Morawitz, 1. c. ; 0. tho- 
racica, Radoschkowsky, tom. cit. p. 192, Erivan. 
Megachile maaclci.^ p. 135, Petersburg, Irkoutsk, mixta, p, 138, Cau- 
casus, saussurii, p. 142, Saratow, algira, p. 144, Algeria, alho-cincta, Egypt, 
chinensis, China, p. 145, syraensis, p. 146 (? = ei'icetorum, var.), Syra, 
anthidioides, Bvsl 7A\, funehris, Cape of Good Hope, p. 147, cornifera, p. 148, 
