GENERAL NOTES. 
371 
A moth from West Africa, with a proboscis strong enough to inflict a 
severe puncture ; S. J. Mclntire, M. Micr. J. xi. pp. 196 & 197. [Pro- 
bably a Noctua, allied to Ophioderes.'] 
Shrivelling of wings in Lepidoptera ; O. Wilson, Ent, vii. p. 13. 
On the food of various larvje ; T. Goossens, Pet. Nouv. vi. p. 404. On 
some North American larvae ; id. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) iv. p. ccxxxi. 
On rearing larvae ; J. R. S. Clifford, Ent. vii. pp. 208 & 209. 
On preserving caterpillars by inflation (with woodcuts of apparatus) ; 
S. H. Scudder, Canad. Ent. vi. pp. 107-111 ; Am. Nat. viii. pp, 321-326. 
Note on birds destructive to injurious caterpillars in N. America ; A. J. 
Cook, Am. Nat. viii. p. 368. 
On species which pass the winter as larvae or pupae ; WiesenhiAtter, 
S. E. Z. XXXV. pp. 226-230. 
On the transmission of pupae ; B. Smith, Ent. M. M. x. p. 256. 
Notes on collecting ; G. Norman & G. M. Dodge, Canad. Ent. vi. pp. 
19, 114 & 115. 
Many popular notices on Lepidoptera (chiefly British) with occasional 
good woodcuts, and notes on collecting, sotting, preserving, &c., will bo 
found in Sci. Goss., 1874. 
Palcearctic Region. 
PiiAUN, S. V. Abbildung und Befechreibung europaischer Schmetter- 
lings-Raupen. Heft i. Stuttgart : 1874. [Not seen by the Recorder.] 
Captures of European Butterflies ; F. A. Walker, Ent. vii, pp. 75-79. 
For a very important and philosophical analysis of the geographical 
distribution of European butterflies, cf. E. Hofmann, Wiirtt. Nat. JH, 
xxix, pp. 255-304, pis. i. & ii. He recognizes throe principal faunas in 
Europe, the Glacial, Moditorranoan, and Siberian. At the glacial period, 
nearly all the butterflies were driven out of Europe, the greater portion 
into Asia, and a few into Africa, from whence they subsequently re- 
turned, when the climate again became warmer. The bulk of the 
existing species are evidently thus derived from Asia. (Analysis and 
remarks ; L. Quaedvlieg, CR. Ent. Belg, xvii. pp. xlvii.-liv. Discussion ; 
pp. liv., Iv., Ixvii. & Ixviii.) 
A list oi European Butterflies of which the larvas are known, with 
food-plants noticed, compiled from Kaltenbach’s Pflanzenfeindo ; S. H. 
Scuddcr, Canad. Ent. vi. pp. 21-25, 126 & 127. 
Short notes on AcJierontia atropos, Toeniocampa stabilis, Carpocapsa 
grossana (larva figured), Crambus pratorum (egg figured), and PteropJiorus 
pterodactylus ; H. Weijenbergh, Tijdschr. Ent, xvii. pp. 168-170, pi. ix. 
figs. 34 & 35. 
Great Britain. 
Captures at Forres by J. B. Blackburn, Ent. M. M. x. pp. 178 & 179 ; 
in North Wales, by H. Jenner-Fust, tom. cit. pp. 179-180 ; at Sheppey, 
by A. Hodgson, tom. cit. p. 180 ; in S. Wales, by J. T. D. Llewellyn, tom. 
cit. pp. 276 & 277; at Grange-over-Sands and Witherslack, by J. B, 
Hodgkinson, op. cit. xi. pp. 19 & 85 ; in the New Forest, by B. Lockyer, 
tom. cit. pp. 158 & 159, Ent. vii. pp. 138 & 139 ; at Glenarm, in 1873, by 
