60(3 
VERMES. 
ferent species may be recognized by peculiarities of position in the cysts, 
armature of the head, &c. In the spring, 5-6 months after the encysta- 
tion, the young Gordii leave the cysts, and are carried outward with the 
fieces into the water ; in contact with this, the body is considerably 
dilated and lengthened, the armature and wrinkles disappear. The lirst 
period is passed in the mud, in immobility ; it is only when the worm has 
acquired a length of 4-5 centim. that it acquires its perfect shape. The 
Gordii of many different species, so often found in terrestrial or aquatic 
insects, or observed in the act of extricating themselves, are only aberrant 
individuals ? [cf. Zool. Rec. ix. p. 435], which have succeeded in fulfilling 
their growth and development under very unnatural circumstances. 
A synopsis of the characters of the genera of free-living Ncouitoda 
examined by BOtsoiili in his two monographs (1 & 2) is given (2), 
pp. 55 & 56 {S])hccrolaimus and Oxy stoma are however omitted). The 
anatomical characters are fully considered in these papers ; in some in- 
stances, also parts of the evolution. The points of controversy between 
Butschli and Marion are discussed in the introductory chapters of the 
2nd paper. The genera and species described and figured in both papers 
are enumerated below; of the species marked with an asterisk (*), figures 
are given. There 4 no well defined limit between parasitic and non- 
parasitic Nematoda, and none of the proposed systems can be entirely 
approved. 
Plectus^ Bast. (1), p. 83 ; parietinus, B.,*p. 89 ; armatus* sp. n., p, 90 ; 
auriculatus,^ sp. n., communis, sp. n., p. 91; longicaudatus,^ sp. n. ; 
granulosus, B.* p. 92 ; assimilis* sp. n., ? ornatus,* sp. n. : ? sp.,* p. 34. 
Cephalotus, Bast. (1), p. 77 ; persegnis, B.,* p. 80; stiiatus,* B., oxy- 
uris,* B., ]>. 81 ; longicaudatus/^ sp. n., p. 82. 
u^nguillula, Ehrbg. (1), p. 68 ; Urrestris^ sp. n., aquatica* sp. n., p. 69. 
Observations on A. devastatrix, (?) in galls close above the root of wheat, 
by Nowicki, Verb. z.-b. Wien, xxiv. p. 358. 
Rhahditis, Duj. (1), p. 95; hrevispina,"^ Cl., p. 104; oxyuris,^ Cl., 
filiformis,* sp. n., monhystera,^ sp. n., p. 106 ; teres * (Schn.) (Pelodera), 
p. 107 ; pellioides,* sp. n., p. Ill; ^eZ/«o* (Schn.) {Pelodera), p. 112; 
aspera,* sp. n., p. 113; longicaudata,* sp. n., p. 114; dolichusa* (Schn.) 
{Leptodera), p. 115 ; schneideri* p. 116 ; clausi,* sp. n., p. 118. 
Tylenchus, Bast. (1), p. 31 ; filiformis,* sp. n., davainii, B., * p. 37 ; 
velatus,^ sp. n., p. 38 ; duMus,*^ sp. n., askenasii,* sp. n., p. 39 \ fungorum,* 
sp. n., p. 41 ; ? mirabilis^ sp. n., p. 44. T. millefolii, sp. n., Low (9), in 
galls on the petioles of Achillcea millefolium ; the young worms hybernate 
in the mouldering galls, but creep, in spring, along the young shoots 
and penetrate into the delicate tissue of the young leaves. 
Aphelenclius, Bast. (1), p. 45 ; avence* B., p. 46 ; parietinus* B. ?, p. 47 ; 
rivalis,* sp. n., p. 48 ; fcetidus,"^ sp. n. (2) p. 20. 
Diplogaster, M. Sch. (1), p. 119, (2) p. 22; rivalis (Leyd.) (1), p. 120 
(fetor, B.) ; inermis,* sp. n., flicaudatus,* sp. n. (2) p. 22 ; monhysteroides, 
sp. n., p. 23. 
Dorylamms, Duj. (1), p. 19, (2) p. 19; stagmUis,'^ i)., inipillatus, B.,* 
p. 27 ; leuckarti,* sp. n., p. 28 ; bastiani,* sp. n., p. 29 ; ? miuutus,* 
sp. n., p. 30 ; maximas,* sp. n. (2), p. 19 ; longicaudatus, sp. n., p. 20. 
