GENERAL NOTES — ECHINIDiE. 
518 
Verrill, MobiUS, and WiiitEavES, quoted above [p. 493], contain also 
much informfition on the distribution of northern Echinodermata. In 
II BUG bin’s “Reisen,” hi. pp. 257 & 258, 13 species are enumerated from 
Spitzbergen, and 5 from Nova Zembla. Agassiz (2) enumerates 16 
species of Echini found at the depth of 100 fathoms off Barbadoes ; at 
Cape das Bahias (dividing the tropical and Patagonian provinces), 2 West 
Indian species were still associated with 3 Patagonian. Cauthier (6) 
records 14 species of Echinidce from the neighbourhood of Marseilles, the 
true Echinocardium cordatum (^flavescens) among the number ; after the 
formation of the Suez Canal, Heterocentrus mamillatus has made its 
appearance in the adjoining parts of the Mediterranean, at Port Said. 
The 45 OphiuridcB collected at the Philippine and Pelew Islands, by 
Semper, are recorded by Lyman (10). HoEfmann (8) has prepared a 
list of the 85 known Echinodermata of Madagascar and the Mascarene 
Islands, noticing specially the 9 or 10 species brought home by Pollen 
and V. Dam. A preliminary account of the occurrence of various pro- 
minent genera of Vermes, Echinodermata, Anthozoa, and Spongozoa, in 
the great depths of the Southern Seas, are to be found in Wyville 
Thomson’s letter to Admiral Richards, P. R. Soc. xxii. pp. 423-428, Ann. 
N. H. (4) xiv. pp. 331-337, and in W.-Suhm’s letters to Prof. v. Siebold, 
Z. wiss. Zool. xxiii. pp. i.-vii., xxiv. pp. ix.-xxiii., xxv. pp. xxv.-xlvi. 
Genera and Species, 
Holothdriid.®. 
The Sea-Cucumbers of the Adriatic are critically discussed by Maren- 
ZELiiER (11) ; Cucumaria planci, Brdt., = C. dolioliim, auctt., not of 
Pallas, whose species is probably a Colochirus ; C. gruhii, M., = C. digue- 
mari, auctt. ; (7. cucumis, Risso, = pentactes, Sel. ; C. elongata, K. D., = 
C. pentactes, auctt. ; C. hyndmanni, Th. (not identical with C. Icoreni, Ltk.) ; 
Jlolothiiria poli, d. Ch., Sel., = II. stellati, Grube, Sars, Heller, glabra. 
Semper ; the true H. stellati, d. Ch., = glabra, Gr., &c. 
Oligotrochus vitreus, Sars, Am. J. Sci. (3) vii. pi. viii. fig. 6 ; P. Am. 
Ass. 1873, pi. vi. fig. 5. On the “Tripaiig” of the Pacific: Jouatf, Mem. 
Soc. Cherb. (2), xviii. pp. 231-^240. 
Echinid®. 
Asthe7iosoma hystrix,W. T., Agassiz (2), p. 3, pl.ii. figs. 1 & 2 (Barbadoes, 
100 fathoms). Agassiz now agrees with W. Thomson, that Asthenosoma 
must make a family for itself, “ on account of the mailed structure* of 
the coronal plates lapping in opposite directions in the ambulacra and 
intorambulacra, of tlio perforated ambulacral plates, and the oxtonslon of 
tlio ambulacral tubes to the actinal opening, through the buccal membrane, 
which is mailed, as in CidarisJ’ 
Cidaris {Phyllacanthus') verticillata, Lmk., fustigera, Ag., pistillaris, 
Lmk. ; Hoffmann (8), pp. 44-50. 
Astropyga pulvinata, Lmk. ; Agassiz (2),p. 5, pl. i. figs. 1 & 2 (Panama). 
Arbacia dufresnii (Blv.),?W. 1. c. p. G, pi. i. figs. 3 & 4 (Straits of Magel- 
1874. [vOL. XI.] L L 
