HYDROZOA. 
527 
British expeditions of 18G9 and 1870, noting the station, depth, and bot- 
tom tomporatiiro for each species. With very few exceptions, they were 
Calyptohlnstica^ wMh. fixed sporosacs, . especially Several 
species (^Q.^.^Sertulai'ella polyzonias^Hydrallmaniafalcata^ and. Thuiaria 
articulata) have an astonishingly wide bathymetrical range. Hincks (9) 
reports upon 17 species dredged off Reikiavig, by Dr. Wallich, in 100 
fathoms ; they all belong to the Calyptohlastica. Many northern Hydro- 
zoa are distinguished by their large size, compared with that of the same 
species on the British shores. Macintosh (Ann. N. H., 4, xiii. pp. 204- 
217) enumerates the species of Hydrozoa^ Medusce (2), Calycozoa{\), and 
Ctenophora (2), of St. Andrews ; Kirchenpauer (Zweite deutsche Nord- 
polarfahrt, ii. pp. 411-417), the. four species of Hydroids collected on the 
east coast of Greenland by the German expedition, and those found 
at Spitzbergen (4 sp.) by Heuglin (Reisen, ii. p. 259). Cf. also the 
papers of Verrill and Whiteaves quoted above [p. 493]. The 
occurrence of Stomohrachium octocostatum at Kiel is noticed by Mobius, 
Schr. Yer. Schlesw. Holst, i. p. 5. 
Genera, Species, ^c. 
Leidy, on the species of Hydra common in the neighbourhood of 
Philadelphia; P. Ac. Philad. 1874, p. 10 {H.fusca and viridis). 
Hydractinia monocarpa, sp. n., Allman, Nature, xi. p. 179 (Spitz- 
bergen) ; Cladocoryne pelagica^ sp. n., id. ibid. (Gulfweed) ; Amalthcea 
islandica, sp. n. id. ibid. (Iceland). 
Hydrodendron fZool. Roc. x. p. 514], Hincks (8), p. 132. Zoophyte plant- 
like, much branched, rooted by a creeping stolon ; hydrothecse biserial, 
tubular, jointed to a short lateral process from the stem ; polypites very 
large, partially retractile ; tentaculoid appendages minute, filiform, naked, 
terminating above in a subglobose capitulum filled with thread-cells, 
distributed on the stem and branches, one below each calycle ; gonothecae 
unknown. Type, Halecium gorgonoide, Sars. 
Ophionema [Zool. Rec. 1. c.], id. 1. c. p. 131. Shoots small, simple or slightly 
branched, jointed, not regularly pinnate or plumose, attached by a creep- 
ing stolon ; hydrothecae sessile, unilateral, cup-shaped ; tentaculoid or- 
gans distributed singly on the shoots, extensile, filiform, terminating 
above in a globular capitulum filled with thread-cells, and protected at 
the base by a chitinous cup ; gonothecae large, borne singly near the base 
of the shoots ; polypites not retractile within the calycles. Type, OpTii- 
odes p>arasitica, Sars. 
Lafoea grandis, sp. n., id. (9) p. 148, pi. vi. figs. 1 & 2, = L. fruticosa, 
G. 0. Sars (Iceland, 100 fath.) ; L. fruticom^ M. Sars, id. ibid. pis. vi. 
figs. G-IO, vii. fig. IG ; L. dumosa (FI.), id. ibid. pi. vi. fig. 3 ; L. hah- 
cioides, Allman (1), p. 472, pi. Ixvi. fig. 1 (cold area between Shetland 
and Faero, 345-G40 fath.). 
Campanularia grandis, sp. n., Allman, Nature, xi. p. 179 (Japan). 
Calycella, syringa (L.), Hincks (9), p. 148, pi. viii. fig. 24 (Labrador, Ice- 
land, 100 fath.) ; C. pygmoia, Aid., id. ibid. pi. vii. fig. 15 ; C. quadriden- 
