194 
CRUSTACEA. 
external maxillipeds, and in the more prominent and horizontal front. From 
Speccarcinus it differs in the form of the carapace and the approximation of the 
external maxillipeds. — G. pugnax, sp. n., Panama, Smith, 1. c. pp. 164, 165. 
Pinnotheres lithodomi, sp. n.. Pearl Isl., and P. mgrgarita, Smith, rede- 
scribed. Smith, 1. c. pp. 166-169. 
Ostracotheres politus, sp. n., Callao, Peru, Smith, 1. c. p. 169. 
Pinnaxodes chinensis (Edw.) described and its parasitism alluded to. 
Smith, 1. c. p. 170. 
DissodactyluSf gen. nov. A new family is established for this genus, as 
it difters in the structure of the palate, which is not divided by a median 
ridge separating the efferent passages. The carapace, the minute eyes, and 
the narrow abdomen of the male, show its affinity with Pinnotheres. D. 
nitidus, sp. n., Panama. Smith, 1 . c. pp. 172-174. 
ANOMURA. 
Porcellana digitalis^ Heller, var. pontica, n., Czerniavski, Mater, zoogr. 
Pont. p. 71. P. longirostris, Rathke, is the same species. 
Galatea, its larva in the shape of Zoea represented by A. Dohrn. Z. wiss. 
Zool. XX. (4) pi. 32. fig. 27, 
. MACRURA. 
Loricata. 
Scyllarus arctus, F. The development of the embryo within 
the egg (including its state when first hatched) is described by 
A. Dohrn ; the further metamorphosis could not be followed, 
but the author thinks that his observations leave no doubt that 
it will pass through a P/tg/losoma -like stage before it acquires 
its definitive form, and that the larva, described and figured by 
Gegenbaur in the same journal, 1863, pi. 25. figs. 2 & 3, is that 
of Scyllarus, not of Palinurus, Z. wiss. Zool. xx. pp. 251-260, 
pi. 16. figs. 1-7. 
Palmm'us vulgaris, Latr. The development within the egg, 
with particular regard to the extremities, the eyes, the nervous 
ganglia, the heart, and the liver, is described by A. Dohrn, Z. 
wiss, Zool. XX. pp. 260-271, pi. 16. figs. 8-10. 
Astacina. 
Astacus fluvialilis. Fab. Observations concerning its copula- 
tion in the months of Nov., Dec., and January, the oviposition 
and the moults, are given by M. Chantran, C. R. Ixxi. July 
1870, pp. 42-45, translated in Ann. N. II . (4) vi. pp. 265-267. 
Crayfish, which are red or blue whilst alive, are found in 
diflPerent streamlets of Switzerland : the red colouring is heredi- 
tary ; the blue occurs only in recently moulted specimens. Bibl. 
Univ. 15 Mars 1870. 
Astacus {Cheraps) preissii (Erichs. = Astacoides pleheius (Hesse, 1865), 
and does not belong to Astacoides. Martens, SB. nat. Fr. 1870, p. 1. 
