SPONGIIDA. 
505 
tinuous witli the primary meshes of which an abundant network of coalescing 
simple sexradiate stellate spicula occurs ; among the spicules of the sarcode 
are remarkable long attenuate forms, others free sexradiate, and others spi- 
nulo-quadrifurcate-sexradiate-stellate. A. looodwardij coast of Portugal ; 
A. fecundum (0. Schmidt). 
Fieldingia, g. n., Kent (Ann. N. H. (4) Ti. p. 219). Sponge adherent, 
consisting of a cortex of irregular reticulated spicula (of a hexradiate type), 
having on its interior surface numerous reticulated laminse of extremely deli- 
cate consistence ; common cavity of the sponge containing numerous spherical 
aggregations of spictilar reticulations, invested and brought into relation with 
the cortex by loose reticulated fibres of coarser structure. F. lagettoideSyoW 
Oezimbra, Portugal. 
Euplectella aspergillum described by Van der Burg (Tijd. Nederl. Ind. 1870). 
Veluspa polymorpha, gen. et sp. nov., Miklucho-Maclay (M^m. Petersb. 
1870, p. 4), North Pacific. No generic diagnosis given. The following 
varieties show such great degrees of difference that, like the author’s 
Guancha hlancha, they might correspond to several genera, even orders, of 
the present system. V. polymorpha^ varieties : 1. gracilis, 2. digitata, 3. 
arctica, 4. repens, 5. gyriformis, 6. cribrosa, 7. Jlahelliformis, 8. mfundihidi- 
formis, 9. foliacea, 10. haicalensis (= Spongia haikalensis, Gmelin, Georgi, 
Pallas, &c.). 
Spuma borealis, sp. nov., M.-Maclay (ib. p. 13), North Pacific and Polar 
Seas. Varieties: papillosa, 2. convolnta, 2>. tuberosa, A.velamentosa.- 
Euspongia brandti, sp. nov., M.-Maclay {pp. cit. Mem. Petersb. 1870, p. 16, 
Sea of Ochotsk. 
Luffaria pyriformis, sp. nov., Duchass. I c. p. 46, Bahamas. 
Professor E. P. Wihgiit gives some observations on the structure of 
Eehitella atrorubens. Gray (Q. J. Micr. Sc. 1870, pp. 90, 91). 
Baphidothcca, gen. nov., Kent (Ann. N. II. (4) vi. p. 218). Sponge in- 
crusting, cavernous interiorly; entire external surface of cortex bristling 
with spinulate spicula, having their attenuate apices directed inwards, arid 
mingling freely with the fascicles of simple acerate spicula which form 
upright supporting pillars to tlie roof ; fascicles of smaller acerate spicula 
abundant in the sarcode of the cortex, and also distributed less frequently in 
the basal layer of sarcode, and in that investing the shafts or pillars ; in 
the latter also minute spicula of the “ palmato-inequianchorate ” type (Bbk.). 
Oscula absent or indefinite. R. marshall-halli, sp. nov., Kent, off Oezimbra, 
Portugal. 
Polyurella, gen. nov., Gray (/. c. p. 312). P. schmidti, Gray, = Tetilla 
polyura, O. Sdt. 
Wyvilletliomsonia, gen. nov., Perceval Wright Qoc. cit. p. 7). Sponge- 
body subspherical, attached by a stem, opposite to which at the summit is 
one large osculum, fringed by long delicate biacerate spicules. Interior of 
sponge-body consisting of several cavities, opening into the osculum. Stem 
prolonged through the body as an axis, and consisting of numerous biacerate 
spicules, mixed with which are a number of anchoring spicules (fusiformi- 
recurvo-ternate of Bowerbank), the recurved ends of which are always 
directed to the point of attachment. Spicules of the body furcated attenuato- 
patento-ternate (Bbk.), the radii of the ternate spicules meeting each other 
to form a remarkable loose network-like pattern on the surface of the sponge, 
1870 . [voL. VII.] 2 L 
