MOLLUSCA. 
167 
Adams, H. Description of fifteen New Species of Land- and 
Freshwater Shells from Formosa, collected by Robert 
Swinhoe, Esq., Consul at Taiwan in that island. Proc. Zool. 
Soc. 1866, pp. 316-319, with pi. xxxiii. 
Semper, O. Description d^Helicees nouvelles des Philippines. 
Journ. Conch, xiv. pp. 152, 261-263, with pi. 8. 
5. Polynesia and Australia, ' 
Pease, W. Harper. Descriptions of New Species of Land- 
shells inhabiting Polynesia. Am. J onrn. Conch, ii. pp. 289- 
293, with several figures. 
Cox, J. C. Description d^especes nouvelles provenant d^Aus-^ 
tralie et des iles Salomon et Norfolk. Journ. Conch, xiv* 
pp. 45-48. 
. Characters of Six new Australian Ltind-shells. Proc. 
Zool. Soc. 1866, pp. 373-375. 
Gassies, J. B. Description d^especes nouvelles provenant de la 
Nouvelle Caledonie. Journ. Conch, xiv. pp. 49-52. 
6. Africa. 
Martens, E. von. Uebersicht der Land- und Siisswasser-Mol- 
lusken des Nil-Gebietes. [List of the land- and freshwater 
Mollusca of the Nile countries.] Mai. Blatt. xiii. pp. 1-20 ; 
continued from the preceding year (see Record for 1865, 
pp. 223, 224). 
Among the freshwater Mollusca the true tropical forms of 
Ampullaria, Melania^ Cyrena, and the exclusively African La* 
nistes have been carried by the cuiTent into Lower Egypt, but 
Physopsis, jEtheria, and Spat ha are to be found only in the 
upper parts of the Nile. The lake Mareotis at Alexandria is 
said to contain marine and freshwater Mollusca promiscuously ; 
but it remains to be shown whether they are really living near 
each other, or whether only dead shells are found together. 
Martens, E. Von. Ueber einige afrikanische Binnenconchy- 
lien. [On some African land- and freshwater shells.] 
Mai. Blatt. xiii. pp. 91-110, with two plates. 
This paper contains : — several additions to the list of Nilotic 
Mollusca, mentioned above, chiefly from collections made by 
Heuglin and Steudner in and near Abyssinia, among them, 
some freshwater shells from Lake T^ana; further descriptions 
and figures of a Limicolaria Achatina from Guinea ; finally, 
a new Pupa (Ennea) from Natal. Some general remarks are 
added on the genera of land- and freshwater Mollusks hitherto 
found in Western Africa; Cyclostomid(S appear to be totally 
absent. Ampullaria vitrea, Melania aurita and fusca arc the 
most characteristic forms among, the freshwater shells. The 
