273 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
l^ordre des Insectes hymenopteres'. Comptes Eendus^ tome 
Ixii. pp. 167-168 : January 1866. 
In this paper the author merely lays down a few propositions, 
which he treats as axioms, upon tlie characters of species and 
the causes of variation, coming finally to the conclusion that 
the species is immutable, but may become infinitely, modified, 
as varieties, under the influence of climate, of the geological 
constitution of the soil, of other external agents, and of hybridi- 
zation 
SiEBKE, II. Entomologiske Undersbgelser i Aarene 1864 og 
1865. Christiania, 1866, pp. 48. 
This pamphlet, which includes two papers, evidently reprinted 
from the ^Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskabernes,^ gives an ac- 
count of two entomological journeys in Norway in tlie summers 
of 1864 & 1865. The second paper includes a long list of Di- 
ptera taken in the neighbourhood of the Christiania fjord. 
Staudinger, O. Einige Worte fiber den verstorbenen O. 
Gruner in Leipzig. Stettin, entom, Zeitung, 1866, pp.310- 
311. 
Walsh, B. D. Prof. Dana and his Entomological speculations. 
Proc. Entom. Soc. Philad. vol. vi. pp. 116-121. 
Contains a reply to some observations by Dana on the au- 
thor^s objections to the principle of ccphalization,^^ as applied 
to the classification of insects. 
. On Phytophagic varieties and Phytophagic species, 
with remarks on the unity of Coloration in Insects. 
Proc. Entom. Soc. Philad. vol. v. pp. 194-316. 
In this memoir Walsh argues further in support of his views 
on the origin of species and races by phytophagic isolation 
(see ^ Eecord,^ 1864, p. 332) . He refers to : — Datana ministra 
(Drury) with its varieties, as he considers them, D. contracta 
(Walk.) and D. conspicua (Grote & Hob.) ; Halesidota tessellaris 
(Abb. & Sm.) = (Walsh), midi H. harrisii (Walsh) = 
tessellaris (Havr.), which he regards as 3 phytophagic species; 
Arhopalus {Clytus) pictus (Drury) and rohinim (Forst.), to 
which he now adds A. infaustus (Lee.) ; Callidiwn antennatum 
(Newm.)=i;io/«cc 2 m? and C. ianthinum (Lee.); Conotrachelus 
nenuphar (Ilerbst), of which a large form occurs on the Butter- 
nut and Walnut; Doryphora \0-lineata (Say) and D.juncta 
(Germ.) . In connexion with the two last-mentioned species Walsh 
remarks upon the precise correspondence in the arrangement of 
the 18 spots on the thorax of these insects, and points out 
that, should all the spots become confluent, the thoracic orna- 
mentation occurring in various species of Chrysornclida) (6'. ' 
bigshyana^ Hh’hy, elegans, Oliv., 8cc.) would be produced. This 
leads him into a discussion of what he calls unity of colora- 
tion in insects, illustrated especially by reference to numerous 
