446 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
dopterous fauna of its southern and eastern parts ; and these 
would doubtless appear still more strikingly from the consi- 
deration of Trimen^s results, with which the author was unac- 
quainted. 
PiiiTTWiTz (Stett. ent. Zeit. 1866, pp. 259-275) notices Kocli’s 
results, with the addition of those derivable from Vollenhoven^s 
Pierides of the Dutch East-Indian possessions. The view taken 
by Prittwitz of the general distribution of Lepidoptera differs 
somewhat from that advocated by Koch. Pie assumes four 
great regions, admitting Africa south of the Mediterranean 
district to a primary rank ; his equivalent for KocVs European 
region starts from the Sea of Ochotsk, forming a broad band 
across the whole eastern hemisphere, and includes also the con- 
tinent of North America, South America being regarded as a 
distinct region ; the Indo- Australian region corresponds with 
that of Koch. As regards the conditions under which the forms 
of Lepidoptera occur in their different districts, Prittwitz holds 
that we may recognize : — 
1. Main groups, that is to say, families rich in species and 
subgenera, which 
(a) sometimes occur in remarkable quantities in a partieular 
spot, and 
{h) sometimes are diffused everywhere with slight modihea- 
tions. 
2. Remains of groups. A remarkable form, represented by a 
few very homogeneous speeies, may occur 
(a) either upon a particular, limited space, or 
{b) widely diffused, with a species here and there. 
He illustrates these views by the following examples : — 
1 a. Melitcea and Argynnis in the Mediterranean (European) 
region. 
1 b. The Vanessa, with their subordinate forms, the members 
of which are distributed all over the world. 
2 a. The species of Thais, Cyrestis, and Sericinus. 
2 b. The Libythea, Brachyglossi, and Parnassia. 
Prittwitz remarks upon the species cited by Koch as common 
to the Asiatic and Australian regions. Of the Pieridae described 
by Vollenhoven, Eronia jobaa, Pieris aruna, P. bajura, P. celes-- 
tina, P. mysis, and Terias puella are Australian species not in- 
dicated by Koch. Pieris teutonia Prittwitz regards either as a 
persistent Australian form of P .cor onea, or as a distinct Australian 
species. It is unknown to Vollenhoven. Prittwitz further re- 
marks on the following species, chiefly with regard to their geoi 
graphical distribution : — Cyllo banksia (Fab.) ; Chcerocampa 
phoenix (H.-Sch.) ; C. oldenlandice (Fab.) ; C. erotus (Cram.) 
probably only an Australian species ; Ophideus fullonica (Linn.) 
occurs in the Fiji Islands,^ as also Lagoptera magica (Hiibn.) ; 
