512 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATUllE. 
Gaurax anchoraj Loew, Bull. ent. Zeits. 18C6, p. 51, New York. 
Geomyzides. 
Drosophila multip^inctata, sp. n., Loew, Berl. ent. Zeits. 1866, p. 50, from 
North America (Columbia). 
Hydromyzides, 
IlydrelUa alhilahris (Meig.). The metamorphoses of this species are de- 
scribed by Frauenfeld, Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, xvi. pp. 973-974. The 
larva lives in the interior of the fronds of Lemna^ upon the parenchyma of 
which it feeds, and changes to the pupa state within a frond. 
Atissa durt'enhergensis, sp. n., Loew, Zeitschr. gesammt. Naturw. xxiii. 
pp. 343-347, Durrenberg (1864). 
Ephydra ohscuripes^ sp. n., Loew, Berl. ent. Zeits. 1866, p. 50, from Massa- 
chusetts. 
CEstrid^. 
Brauer describes the larva of Oestrus ( CEstromyia) leporinus (Pallas) ob- 
tained from a specimen oiJLagomys curzonice. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, 
xvi. pp. 6,47-648. 
Brauer also describes the larva and pupa of a species of this family from 
the oesophagus of an African elephant. He names the species Pharyngoholus 
africanus (g. and sp. n.), and infers from its structure that it belongs to a 
genus allied to Cephalomia and OEstrus on the one hand, and to Pharyngomyia 
and Ccphenomyia on the other. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, xvi. pp. 879- 
883, taf. 19. figs. 1 & 2. 
Murie records the occurrence of living pupae of OEstrus tarandi (Linn.) in 
the skin of a reindeer in the Zoological Gardens in London. Two pupae were 
obtained j and the flies, when excluded, were covered with minute active 
Acari. The pupa-case is figured. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, pp. 590-592. 
Hering records the occurrence of the larvae of an CEstrus (apparently CE. 
bovis) in tumours on the belly of a field-mouse. Wiirtt. Jahreshefte, 1864, 
p. 47. 
Syrphid^. 
Cheilosia cynocephala (Loew). The metamorphoses of this species are de- 
scribed by Frauenfeld (Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, xvi. pp. 975-976). 
The larva lives in mines in Carduus nutans. 
According to F. Low the larvae of Eristalis use their respiratory tube some- 
times as a prehensile organ before pupation. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, 
xvi. p. 949. 
Eaccha notata, sp, n., Loew, Berl. ent. Zeits. 1866, p. 37, from Cuba. 
Ocyptamus longiventrisj Loew, 1. c. p. 38, from Washington j O. conformisy 
Loew, ibid., O. latiuscidus and scutellakcs, spp. nn., Loew, 1 . c. p. 39, from Cuba. 
Microdon incequalis, sp. n., Loew, 1. c. p. 40, from Cuba. 
CONOPID^. 
Oncomyia (= Occemyia Bob.-Desv.) abhreviatay sp. n., Loew, Berl. ent. Zeits. 
1866, p. 41, and O. lorariay Loew, ibid., from North America. 
Dalmannia nigriceps, sp. n., Loew, 1. c. p. 40, from Virginia. 
Myopa clausa, sp. n., Loew, 1. <?• p. 41, from Maine. 
Zodion nanellum, sp. n., Loew, 1. c. p. 42, from Washington. 
