622 
ZOOLOGICAL LlTEllATUllE. 
1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, naturalist to the 
Expedition. With Descriptions of some additional Species 
from the West Coast of North America. Parts 2 & 3. 
Proc. Essex Institute, vol. iv. pp. 181-196, plates 5 & 6 
(1865), and vol. v. pp. 17-50, plates 1 & 2 (1866). 
Part 2 includes descriptions of Alcyonaria^ and Part 3 of 
Madreporaria. For the authors views on the classification of 
Polyps (see ^ Record,^ 1865, p. 781). 
Verrill, a. E. On the Polyps and Corals of Panama, with 
descriptions of New Species. Proc. Post. Soc. Nat. Hist, 
vol. X. pp. 323-333 : July 1866. 
. On the Polyps and Echinoderms of New England, with 
descriptions of new species. Ibid. pp. 333-357. 
Contains a list of the species, with remarks on the geogra- 
phical distribution of the Actinozoa and Echinodermata of the 
east coast of North America. 
Wagener, G. R. Ueber Beroe {ovatus?) und Cydippe pileus 
von Helgoland. Reichert u. Du Bois-Reymoiid^s Archiv, 
1866, pp. 116-133, Taf. 3-5. 
Mobius (/. c.) gives an account of the urticating capsules of 
some Polyps and Acalephs, comparing them to simple glands. 
They consist of elastic vesicles, having a long efferent duct, 
beset with spiral rows of hairs. Each capsule can only act 
once ; but the capsules are replaced by new ones, being deve- 
loped from cells provided with nuclei. Most of the capsules 
made use of pass with the captured food into the stomachs of 
their possessors, perhaps assisting in digestion. Some Polyps 
{Hydra, Actinia, and Lucernaria) employ their capsules to enable 
their tentacles to adhere while using them for progression. 
Van Beneden does not believe that there is any affinity be^ 
tween the Polyps and the Echinoderms, or that they appertain 
at all to the same type (/. c. p. 61). 
Kolliker (/. c. p. 98) discusses the different forms of simple 
connective tissue met with among the Coelenterata ; he describes 
(1) the homogeneous simple connective tissue, (2) the cellular con- 
nective tissue, and (3) the simple connective tissue with cells, 
or the gelatinous connective tissue. Of these, the first is met 
with either perfectly free from fibres, as in the swimming-bells 
of many Siphonophora and the disks (nectocalyces) of many 
Medusae, or with fibres but destitute of cells, as in some at least 
of the iEginidae and Geryonidae ; the second is met with 
among many of the hydroid polyps. In referring to the cartila- 
ginous tissue discovered by Haeckel in Carmarina, Kolliker 
says that there can be little doubt that the cartilaginous bodies 
of the Geryonidse have a Very close histological connexion with 
