632 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
Lohactis conferta (Ag*. MS.), Verrill, List &c. p. 52, Kingsinill Islands. 
Herpetolitha ampla (Ag. MS.), Verrill, List &c. p. 52, Zanzibar. 
Ilalomitra tiara (Ag. MS.), Verrill, List &c. p.’53, Kingsmill Islands. 
Fhyllastrea explanata (Ag. MS.), Verrill, List &c. p. 53, Tahiti. 
Echinopora Jlexuosa, Verrill, List &c. p. 54, Singapore. 
Eavonia variam, Verrill, List &c. p. 55, Sandwich Islands. 
Ctenophora. 
The remarks of Agassiz on the affinities of this group (/. c. pp. 7-13) should 
he carefully considered. The author follows Milne-Edwards and L. Agassiz 
in placing them as an order of Acalephce. 
Kowalewsky (/. c.) describes the development of the following Ctenophora 
in more or less detail : — E^chschoUzia cordata, Kbll. (p. 1) ; Cestum veneris, 
Les. (p. 11); Eueharis* irndtcornis, Will (p. 16) ; Pleurohrackia ? (p. 19); 
Cydippe Ggbr. (p. 20) ; Eero'e forskali, M.-Edw. (p. 20). The 
development of the Pleurohraclda and Cydippe resembled in almost all 
respects that of the Eschscholtzia. From the observations of the author it 
would appear that no well-marked metamorphosis takes place in any of the 
forms observed. The Ctenophora deposit their ova all the year through, and 
are found in greatest numbers during the early hours of the morning. This 
very valuable paper will not admit of being epitomized, but it is worthy of 
study by those investigating these Actinozoa. The author omits all reference 
to the papers on this subject by M^Crady, Agassiz, Strothill Wright, and 
others, but refers to those of Ih'ince, Semper, Gegenbaur, and to one by All- 
man, which we have been unable to discover. 
Pleurobraehia rhododaetyla (Agass.) =Eero'e piletcs, Fab. The development 
of this species is described and figured by Agassiz, 7. c. p. 30-33, figs. 38-51. 
Eeroe (pvatus ?) and Cydippe pileus, Wagener (7. c.) gives a detailed ac- 
count of the anatomy, accompanied by excellent figures, of these two species ; 
he especially describes the structure of the ctenocysts ” (otoliths) and 
ctenophores” (Wimporrippen), but does not appear to have met with any 
well-marked nervous system. 
Cydippe pileus is described in detail by Van Beneden (7. c. pp. 69-76). 
Polina alata, Agass. The development of this species is described and 
figured by Agassiz, 7. e. pp. 15-18, figs. 1-14. 
Mnemiopsis leidyi, sp. n., A. Agass. 7. e. p. 20, figs. 22-24, Naushon, Buz- 
zard’s Bay. 
Lesueuria hyhoptera, sp. n., A. Agass. 7. c. p. 23, figs. 25-28, Massachusetts 
Bay. 
HYDEOZOA. 
Eeiciiert asserts (7. c.), in the resume of his paper, that the ecto- 
derm (Allman) of the Flydrozoa is no epithelial layer as is com- 
monly believed, but is the real, true contractile substance of the 
polyps, comparable to that of the Polythalamia, and that Huxley 
and Kblliker’s comparison of the Ilydrozoa with the primary 
developmental stage of the higher animals has, as a matter of 
fact, no foundation. This resume is rather too long to give in its 
^ This name of Eschscholtz’s ought to be changed, being preoccupied for 
a genus of Hymenoptera by Latreille in 1804. 
