PROTOZOA. 
643 
neither are further characterized. Salpingoeca, p.,324, is, as it were, a single in- 
dividual of Codosiga, Clark, which does not possess a stem, but is seated in a 
calyx, from which it protrudes, or into which it retracts at will j there are three 
well-marked species, one marine. 
Epiderites is a new genus founded by Stein for Oxgtricha aurioularis, Cl. & 
Lachm.), Zeitsch. f. Naturwissen. Halle, 1866, Heft 2, p. 178. 
Ehyncheta cyclopum^ Zenker, sp. n, (1. c.), p. 346, tab. 19. fig. 2 a-d, found 
living epizoically on Cyclops coronatus (Claus.). It consists essentially of a 
body and proboscis. The pulsatile body lies between the proboscis and the 
nucleus. The proboscis is compared to an Acineta-Skxm ; and the species would 
then bo a one-armed, stalkless Acincta. 
II. SPONGIIDA. 
Schmidt, in his preliminary notice of Bowerbank’s work on British 
Sponges (1. c.), confirms the discovery of the “ intermarginal cavities,” and 
criticises some of the genera proposed; but this subject is treated of more 
fully in Schmidt’s ^ Second Supplement.’ It would appear that the un- 
named East-Indian Sponge (Bowerbank, vol. i. fig. 307), “ having numerous 
depressed porous areas, furnished with stomata-like protective organs,” is 
nothing but a parasitic Palythoa, imbedded in a mass of Reniera dura. The 
presence of contractile tissue in the intermarginal cavities ” of Geodia, as 
indicated by Bowerbank, is alluded to as removing the Sponges to a section 
of the Protozoa higher than the Badiolaria and Infusoria ; and the question is 
asked, is an homologous organ to these ^Mntermarginal cavities” met with 
in any other Sponges than in Geodia? 
{Calcarea.) 
Schmidt (7 c. p. 7 et seq.) states that Gt'antuif Bk. (Fleming) = 
(JJbx]dm.)~l)unstervillia (Bk.) and IZ/'e. (Sch.) ; Leu,cosolenia (Bk.)=iVfl!r- 
doa (Sell.) and Grantia (Lbrkhn. ex parte) ; L. hotryoidcs (Bk.)=G^. lieher- 
(Sch.) ; Lcuconia == Grantia (Lbrkhn. ex parte). Perhaps X. 
nivea (Bk.) = G*. solida (Sch.). Leucogypsia (Bk.) is not sufficiently distinct 
from Lcuconia (Bk.). 
{Keratostty Bk.) 
This order Schmidt (1. c. p. 9) remarks is nothing more than an arbitrary 
grouping together of genera, and is by no means a natural one. Sjjongicniella 
(Bk.) &.iaAHalisq)ongia (Blain.)= Cacospongia (Sch.) ; Verongia (Bk.)=Ap(y- 
sina (Sch., Ndo.) ; Aidiskia (Bk.), this genus is to be expunged, being, with- 
out any doubt, a parasitic Alga living upon a Cacospongia ; Stematumenia 
(Bk.) = (Ndo.) = Filifera Sarcotragiis (Sch.) ; Dysidea 
= Spo7igelia (Ndo.). 
{Silicea, Bk.) 
Taking from this order the corticaceoiis sponges (Rindenspongien and the 
genus Ilalisarca), this order is not bulkier than the Ilalichondria as defined 
by Schmidt (/. c. p. 11). Geodia (Bk.) (Fleming) = Caminus (Sch. ?); Ecio- 
neniia (P\.) — 8teUetta (Sch.) ; Polymastia C^.')=.8uherites (Bals.) ; Tethya 
{W&.) — TetJiya (Sch.) ; Ancorina (Sch.) and Stelletta ('&ch..)=Dictyocylindrus 
(Bk.) = i2a-s^im7«rt (Ndo.) and Axinella (Sch. spec.); Phakellia (Bk.) has very 
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