ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
22 
'^Viverra limqng. Prof. Hyrtl describes the arteries of this species, in 
Denkschr. Acad. Wi§s. Wien, 1864, xxii. p. 131. 
Paradoxurm tytlerii, sp. n., Tytler, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1864, p. 188, 
from Viper Island (Andaman Islands). 
Canid^e. 
Canis lagopus. Mr. A. Newton found the Arctic Fox pretty numerous in 
Spitzbergen. Nearly all the Icelandic examples are Blue ” Foxes j that is 
to say, this species does not change its colour in Iceland, Avhich fact must be 
taken in connexion with the comparatively mild winter of this island, and is 
analogous to the circumstance of the Alpine Hare {Lepus timidus, Linn., non 
auct.) always becoming white in winter in Scandinavia, generally so in 
Scotland, and but seldom in Ireland. The common Squirrel is another case 
in point j and all three may be considered illustrative of the vexed questions 
of the specific distinctions between the Great Northern Falcons and of the 
specific identity of Lagopus scoticus and L. albtis. It is difficult to answer the 
question how the Spitzbergen Foxes obtain food in winter. Perhaps they lay 
up a stock of provisions j the author found a considerable collection of shells 
of Mga truncata on a moraine, which may possibly have been due to this 
cause. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 496. — Hr. Malmgren (Wiegm. Arch. 1864, 
p. 66) says that in winter they feed on Ptarmigan and on the remains of 
the prey left by the Polar bears. But these sources could supply only a small 
proportion of the food required by so great a number of animals. 
MuSTELIDiE. 
^Mustckt aureoventriSf sp. n.. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 66, pi. 8, 
from Quito. 
s^Martes Jiavigida. Dr. Blyth makes some remarks on the different races of 
this species, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 485. 
^ ZoriUa albinucha, sp. n.. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 69, pi. 10 ; hab. — ? 
^Lutra destructor is described as a new species from Canada by Mr. Barnston 
in Canad. Natur. for June 1863,- its skuU and that of L. canadensis^ for com- 
parison, are figured. 
^Anahyster (Murray). Dr. Gray has examined the skull of the typical speci- 
men on which Mr. Murray had founded this genus (Proc. Boy. Phys. Soc. 
Edinb. 1860, p. 167), and considers it to be identical with Aonyx (Less.) ; 
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 56. 
Ursid^. 
Dr. Gray has reexamined the speeimens of Bears in the col- 
lection of the British Museum, paying particular attention to 
the form of the skull and to the dentition, which appear to be 
liable to a considerable amount of variation in specimens from 
the same locality and with the same habits. The genera and 
species are characterized, and their synonymy is worked out ; 
many skulls are described and the principal measurements 
given. The systematic arrangement has been modified as follows 
(Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 677): — 
Section I. BiiACiiyroDA. The Broad-footed Bears. Toes straight ; claws 
exserted. 
