MAMMALIii. 
23 
Tribe 1. Ursina, with the following genera : — 
a. Thalassarctos (Gray) ; type U. maritimus. 
b. Ursus, Carrion-Bear. Dr. Gray admits nine species; the European 
XIrsus arctos extends to the northern island of Japan, and varies exceedingly 
in the form of the skull, particularly in its front part, and in the more or less 
developed curvature of the lower edge of the mandible, and in the coloration. 
Dr. Gray distinguishes four varieties and eight subvarieties. The gigantic 
specimen from Northern Europe, which lived in the Zoological Gardens in the 
Regent’s Park for many years and was seen by the greater part of zoologists, 
is, for the present, considered by him as a variety (var. 2. grandis) ; but on 
examination of further specimens it may prove to be a good species. The 
^'Barren-ground Bear” of Richardson and U.horrihilis var. horriaceus of 
Baird, from New Mexico, are considered to be one species, distinct from the 
common Grizzly Bear ( U. cinereus or ferox), both forming a subgenus, Danis. 
Finally, U. americanus and XT. cinnamomeus are referred to another sub-genus, 
Euarcios. 
c. Myrmarctos is a new genus with these characters : — Nose of the skull 
produced, much longer than broad, flat above. Nose, forehead, and front of 
crown all on one line. False grinders far apart, small. Palate concave. 
Brain-case compressed. Lower jaw large, elongate. It is established for 
the Bears which have been distinguished by Worm, Pallas, and Eversmann 
as Ant-Bears. These Bears appear to extend from Norway to Siberia ; the 
species in the British Museum, Myrmarctos eversmanni.^ sp. n., from Norway 
is nearly allied to XIrsus formicarius (Eversm.) from Eastern Siberia. The 
skull is figured on p. 096. 
d. Jlelarctos (Horsf.). It would appear from Dr. Gray’s researches that 
this genus is represented by a species in Australasia (FT. 7nalayanus), by 
another in Africa {Helardos ? a'otvtJicri, Schinz), by a third in America 
(FT. ornatiis), and by a fourth in Europe ; the last is Nilsson’s XIrsus eury- 
rhinus, which rests on a specimen in the Lund Museum, said to have comd 
from Hungary. 
e. Melursus (Meyer) ; type XIrsus Inhiatus. 
Tribe 2. Nasuina, with the genus Nasua. The distinction of the species 
of this genus has always been a puzzle to zoologists. Dr. Gray says that he 
has examined with care a series of skulls which are said to have belonged to 
N. 7'ufa and N. narica, but that he has been unable to discover any characters 
by which the skulls belonging to one species can be distinguished from those 
belonging to the other : the skulls vary considerably in different points ; but 
when a series of some twenty or more are examined, it is impossible to 
define any distinction. He was unable to recognize N. solitaria (Neuwied), 
which is, perhaps, a variety of N. narica, N. nocturna (Neuwied), and 
N. monticola (Tschudi). He distinguishes the following three species : — - 
a. N. rufa (Desm.). Fur fulvous ; back darker ; sides of nose and head 
ashy ; tail fulvous and black-ringed. 
b. N. narica (L.). Fur blackish brown, beneath yellowish ; head ashy ; 
tail black and yellow, obscurely ringed. The sides of the nose are sometinjes 
marked with a black and white streak. — Surinam. 
c. N. oKvacea (Gray). Olive-brown, grizzled ; hairs black-brown, with a 
yellowish subteiminal ring ; under-fur black ; face pale ; orbits, legs, and feet 
