MAMMALIA. 
25 
** Tubercle on inner edge of front part of lower jaw blunt, rugulose ; teeth 
small; angle of lower jaw with a rounded lobe on inner side above the basal 
tubercle. Phoca, type Ph. harhata. 
In the course of this paper Dr. Gray makes several other observations : — 
1. Each species of Seal appears to have a very well defined and very 
limited geographical distribution (p. 30). 
2. Though the species are very difficult to distinguish by their external 
characters, yet the skeleton, and especially the skull, affords well-marked and 
very definite characters (p. 30). 
3. The number of species in the British Museum collection is now twenty- 
four (p. 33). 
4. The species figured by Gaimard, Voy. Isl. et Groenl. pi. 11, with the 
name of Phoca hispida, is Ph. annellata, whilst his Ph. annellata is Ph. grdti- 
landica (p. 31). 
6. Of the skull of Phoca nummularis (Temm.) fragments only are known ; 
so that its position in the system is not quite certain. The measurements 
of different parts of the skull are given in comparison with those of Phoca 
foetida (p. 31). 
6. HeKophoca atlantica (Gray) proves to be identical with Monachui alhi- 
venterj Bodd. (p. 33). 
Phoca harhata. Hr. Malmgren makes some interesting remarks on this 
species ; it is very numerous in Spitzbergen (and very probably the Phoca 
grdnlandica of Ross in Parry’s Narrative of an attempt to reach the North 
Pole ”), but rare on the Einmark coast; it is always found single, near to the 
coast, and feeds chiefly on mollusca and Crustacea. Having found a tem- 
perature of 30° R. in the abdomen of an individual about forty minutes after 
it had been killed, the author thinks this a sufficient proof that the blood 
of the Seals has a higher temperature than that of Land-Mammalia. Wiegm. 
Arch. 18G4, p. 74. 
\Phoca gronlandica. On the habits of this species see Malmgren, Wiegm. 
Arch. 1864, p. 78. (CEfvers. Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Forhandl. 1864, p. 139.) 
IS. Phoca hispida. On its habits see Malmgren, Wiegm. Arch. 1864, p. 82. 
(Gilfvers. Svensk. Vetensk, Akad. Forhandl. 1864, p. 142.) 
A JIalichoe7’us grgpus is rare in Finmark, and not found in Spitzbergen. 
Malmgren, Wiegm. Arch, 1864, p. 74. (QEfvers. Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. 
Forhandl. 1864, p. 135.) 
^ Cgstophora borealis. The Hooded Seal is becoming much scarcer in Spitz- 
bergen and Finmark than it formerly was. It is a truly pelagic species. 
Malmgren, Wiegm. Arch. 1864, p. 72. (QEfvers. Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. 
Forhandl. 1864, p. 134.) 
Tricheclius rosmarus. Hr. A. J. Malmgren lias made the 
following observations whieh deserve particular attention : — 
The tusks of these animals do not serve as organs of locomotion, but have 
a more important function, viz. that of obtaining food. The Walrus lives 
exclusively on two kinds of Mollusca, Mya truncata and Sa.xicava 7'ugosa, 
which, at a depth of from 10 to 50 fathoms, are imbedded in holes in the 
mud, from 5 to 7 inches deep. With the aid of its tusks the Walrus digs 
them up ; and after having- extracted the animals from the shells with its 
molar teeth and tongue, it swallows them entire without masticating them. 
