106 
ZOOLOGICAL LITEEATUllE. 
INew species : — 
Cuora jlammarginaia (Gray), see Giinther, Kept. Brit. Ind. p. 13, pi. 6. 
fig. A, from China. 
Cyclemys oldhami (Gray), see Giinther, 1. c. p. 15, pi. 5. fig. B, from Mergui 
and Gamboja. 
Pangskura JlavivetdeTj Giinther, l.c. p. 36j and Pangshura smithii, ibid. p. 36, 
from the Punjab. 
Staurotypus salvinii, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 127, from Guatemala. 
The author considers this species the type of a subgenus, Stauremys. 
Fam. Chelydid^. Dr. Gray (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 128) 
has examined skulls of several of the genera which he formerly 
referred to this family ^ the characters furnished by this study 
have induced him to modify considerably the arrangement of 
the genera given in the ^ Shield Reptiles/ 
The new arrangement is as follows : — 
A. Typical Chelydidee. Head covered with soft skin. Skull depressed, 
without any or only a very rudimentary zygomatic arch. Temporal depres- 
sion large, with a more or less wide bony arch at the back, from the ear- 
bones (?) to the middle of the occiput. Temporal muscles only covered with 
skin. Lower jaw weak, slender. The alveolar surface of the jaws thin, with 
a more or less distinct submarginal ridge. 
a. Chelydina. Beak covered with flesh. Skull very depressed, ab- 
normal ; no central bony crown to the head ; auri-occipital arch very 
slender, small: Chelys (Baud.), type Ch. Ji^rihriataf Schneid. 
b. nydraspidina. Beak naked. Skull rather depressed, of normal form, 
with a distinct central bony crown and a more or less strong auri- 
occipital arch. Shell very depressed, thin. 
To this division are referred : 1. Hydraspis^ split into three sub- 
genera : Hydraspis with the type H. i aniceps (skull figured), Phinemys 
with the type IL gibha, Phrynops with the type H. Geoffroyana. 
% Chelodina. 3. Platemys. 4. Chelymys. 
B. Head covered with hard horny plates. Zygomatic arch largely developed, 
often covering a p.art of the temporal muscle. Lower jaw strong. Nuchal 
and gular plate marginal. 
a. Skull depressed j zygomatic arch moderately developed ; temporal 
muscles covered with hard dermal shields. Alveolar surface of the 
Jaws thin, with a small submarginal ridge. Claws 6-5. Africa : 
Slernoilmrm (divided into the subgenera Tanoa and Notoa') and Pelo- 
medusa. 
b. Head swollen ; zygomatic arch much dilated posteriorly, so as to 
cover the temporal muscles with a bony case to the occiput. Alve- 
olar surface of the jaws wide, callous, with several ridges. Claws 6-4. 
America. — To this division belong Podocnemis, from which P. dume- 
riliana (Wagl.) is separated as the type of a subgenus, Chelonemys ; 
and Peltoccphalus. 
Std'nothccrus adansmii (Schweig.). Dr. J. E. Gray has received specimens 
