136 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
rutilus, Alburnus lucidus and A. bipunctatus, and Rhodeus amarus 
form 25 per cent. ; the Barhel_, Tench, and Burhot 15 per cent.; 
Gudgeon, Minnow, and Loach 10 per cent. ; Rudd, Bream, Idus 
melanotuSy and Aspius rap ax 5 per cent.; Pike and Perch 5 per 
cent. ; Silurus glanis 1 per cent. ; 9 per cent, would consist of the 
remaining species. 
Bidrag till Kannedomen om Pterycombus brama (Fries), en fisk 
af Makrillfiskarnes famili. By Wilhelm Lilljeborg. 
Ups ala, 1864, 4to (pp. 9) . 
This memoir was written on the occasion of a festival of the 
University of Upsala, and published by the University. 
C. Papers published in Journals. 
Malmgren, a. J. Kritisk Ofversigt af Finlands Fisk-Fauna. 
Akademisk Afhandling. Helsingfors, 1863, 8vo. Translated 
into German by Dr. C. F. Frisch in Wiegm. Ai’ch. 1864 
(pp. 259-351). 
We are indebted to the Editor of Wiegmann^s ^Archiv f. 
Naturg.^ for the above German translation, which, being pub- 
lished in 1864, brings this memoir within the limits of the pre- 
sent Record. The author commences his paper by defining the 
natural boundaries of Finland. Towards the north and south 
the country is bordered by seas, or arms of the sea ; there is 
no boundary-line between Scandinavia and Finland, both being 
identical geognostically, zoologically, botanically, and— the 
author adds modestly — also ethnographically ; but there is a 
strong contrast towards Russia, from which it is separated by 
a broad tract of sandy plains covered with dense forest, and 
extending from the White Sea to Lake Ladoga. West of this 
boundary all is Scandinavio-Finnish ; east of it commence Russia 
and Siberia. 
The number of known species of fishes within these limits is 
eighty, which are distributed as follows : — 
a. The northern shores are inhabited by 33 species, 
a. 7 of which are found in the White Sea only, viz. 
Cottus quadricornis, Liparis lineatus, Anarrhichas pantherinus, 
Platessa dvinensis, Gadus navaga, Gadus saida, and Clupea 
harengus var. membras. 
23 are found also in Western Finmark, and 
7. 3 belong to the arctic marine fauna proper, viz. 
Liparis barbatus from Spitzbergen, Phobetor tricuspis from 
Greenland and Spitzbergen, and Aspidophorus decagonus from 
Greenland. 
b. The true freshwater species are 38 in number. 
a. Two of them — Cobitis barbatula and Pelecus cultratus 
— are not found in the Scandinavian Peninsula, and evidently 
draw their origin from Russia. 
