606 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE, 
HELMINTHES 
BY 
T. Spencer Cobbold, M.D., F.R.S. 
A. Works in Progress. 
Die menschlichen Parasiten und die von ihnen herriihrenden 
Krankheiten. By Dr. Rudolf Leuckart. Leipsic and 
Heidelberg. Vol. I. Text. 8vo^ with numerous woodcuts, 
pp. 766. 
This admirable work has been issued in parts, commencing 
in 1862, the first volume being completed in July 1868. It is 
professedly only a manual for physicians and naturalists, 
but is, in point of fact, a most elaborate treatise abounding in 
minute anatomical details. The title-page announces tliat it 
contains 268 wood-engravings ; this statement, however, is cal- 
culated to mislead, as many of the cuts occur over and over 
again. Thus, cuts 160, 187, 188 are the same, of Distoma he- 
paticum cuts 31, 131, 132 representing a section of Bothrio- 
cephalus latus, are identical ; and the like may be said of many 
others, including that of Distoma lanceolatum, ^\i\ch appears at 
least four times repeated (151, 158, 161, 199). Very nearly all 
the illustrations are from original sources. 
The volume commences with a general account of the nature 
and structure of all kinds of parasites, dwelling more particu- 
larly on the origin, development, and life-history of the Hel- 
minths properly so called, the first division of the volume 
closing with a description of their clinical importance. The 
bulk of the volume, nevertheless, is occupied with a detailed 
record of the natural history, development, and anatomical 
structure of those parasites which are more or less exclusively 
human; and in this series are included several kinds of Protozoa 
(Gregarinte, Psorospermiae, and Infusoria), as well as Leeches. 
The author devotes 291 pages to the consideration of the 
Cestodes, of which he describes 10 human species. One of 
these is new to science {Bothriocephalus cordatus). In this 
connexion he dwells particularly on the development of the 
pork and beef measles, and shows conclusively that the so-called 
Raineyan eorpuscles do not represent the early condition of 
