AVES. 
69 
he is doubtful whether Africa can be looked upon as having a 
special ornithological fauna^ since out of more than forty families 
of birds therein found, two only, the Musophagtdm and the Stru^ 
thionid(R (?) are peculiar to it. On the other hand. Dr. Pucheran 
regards Madagascar, South America, and Australia, with many 
of the Polynesian archipelagos, as forming indubitable centres 
of creation. The peculiarities of the South American ornis are 
then concisely stated, and after a digression on mammals the 
proposed division of the country by Lafresnaye (R. Z. 1845, pp. 
81-92, 113-119) into two provinces, the Brazilian and Colom- 
bian, which further south become the Guaranian and Patago- 
nian. The author then arrives at the conclusions (1) that the 
characters which serve to distinguish species offer numerous 
and frequent variations in the American fauna, and (2) that 
south of the Isthmus of Panama a certain number of provinces 
can be laid down, each having a special ornis. After a few 
remarks on these conclusions, the series of articles, so far as we 
have seen it, concludes ; the learned author would, however, have 
done well to have cited some of the works of other ornithologists 
who have written on the same subjects. (Cf, Sclater, Proc. Linn, 
Soc., Zool. ii. p. 130, and Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 429.) 
SALVAnoRi, Tommaso. Intorno ad alcune Specie nuove o poco 
conosciute d^Uccelli del Museo di Torino. Note ed Osserva- 
zioni. Atti della Society Italiana di Scienze Naturali, 
vol. vii. Seduta del 4 Settembre 1864 a Biella. 
These notes and observations refer chiefly to species of Tur- 
didcR, Cotingid(B, TyroMnidm, Formicariidm, and OriolidcB, to which 
heads the reader is referred for details. Seven species are 
described as new. 
ScHLEGEL, H. Observations Zoologiques. I. Nederlandsch 
Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, 1865, pp. 181-213. 11. Op. 
cit. pp. 249-258. 
These articles contain countless important facts and opinions, 
chiefly ornithological, of which it is impossible here to give more 
than the very briefest summary ; and the task of doing this is in- 
creased by the author^s plan of seldom citing sufficiently the works 
in which the old species concerned are described or mentioned, and 
the absence of any typographical indication or precise speciflc 
characters of the new ones. It is, therefore, not always possible 
for the reader, without considerable trouble, to be certain to 
which of these categories any one subject of Prof. SchlegeFs ob- 
servations is to be referred. In the first article the following 
appear to be new species or cohspecies : — Strix rosenbergi, Noctua 
ochracea, Loriculus exilis, Dacelo fall(iXj Pitta atricapilla san- 
ghirantty Otagon tanagra, Goura coronata minor , Carpophaga 
neglecta, and Rallina rosenbergi. In the second : — Psittacula 
