222 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
able number of true German species-peculiar to the mountains — 
for instance, H. obvoluta^ personata, and incarnata. Four spe- 
cies of the section Campy Icea — Helix planospira (auct.), pha- 
lerata ^ preslii (Schmidt), and intermedia (Fer.) ; thir- 
teen species of Clausilia, seventeen of Pupa, two of Pomatias. 
Helix pomatia, common in Upper and Middle Friuli, becomes 
rather scarce in the low country ; and on the sea-coast H. aspei'sa 
and H. cincta take its place. For Helix nemoralis , common in 
the other parts, H. austriaca is substituted in the hilly regions 
of eastern Friuli j H. liortensis is not mentioned. 
Pfeiffer, L. Die Mollusken der Dobrudscha. Mai. Blatter, xii. 
pp. 100-104. 
A list of fourteen species only of land- and freshwater shells, 
found by Joh. Zelebor. Some of them are described as new. 
The occurrence of Helix corcyrensis (Partsch), Bulimus detritus 
(Mull.), and Tichogonia chemnitzii [Breissena polymorphd\ 
may be noticed here. 
M. Bourguignat, in his ^ Malacologie de PAlgerie ^ (see be- 
low), pp. 365-370, devotes a separate chapter to the Principes 
Malaco-stratigraphiques du Systeme Europeen,^^ written in a 
rather laconic style. The principal theses are, that there are 
centres of creation, not only for each species separately, but for 
what may be called peculiar faunas; that these centres arc 
situated in the mountainous regions, never in the lowlands ; 
and that there are only three of them for Europe and Western 
Asia, — the Spanish centre continuous with Algeria, but without 
any influence northwards ; the Alpine, from which the malacolo- 
gical fauna of the whole of Northern Europe has radiated; and 
the Tauric, the branches of which have spread over Asia Minor, 
Syria, and Egypt. The author goes so far as to maintain that 
between the 35th and the 46th degrees of northern latitude there 
is a ^one of creation which coincides with a row of mountain- 
chains extending from the Atlantic to the Caspian Sea, and that 
this zone is separated from the Asiatic and African centres of 
creation by vast regions having no fauna or being void of 
special species,'^ as the Sahara, Tiflpolis, Arabia Petnea, Meso- 
potamia, and Persia. 
2. Northern Afi'ica and Western Asia. 
Bourguignat, J. B. Malacologie de FAlgerie. (See Zool. 
Record, i. p. 195.) 
The second and last volume of this luxurious work has been 
fiiiished, it contains 380 pages and 26 plates in folio. The new 
or dubious species not mentioned in our former Record will be 
mentioned subsequently. Although the author inclines’ to 
rather minute specific distinctions, he recognizes the following 
