234 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
widely different from the well-known cinerarius of Northern Europe, espe- 
cially to T. adriaticus (Phil.). T. cinerarius of Born is very probably the Trochus 
hiasoldti (Phil.) from the Adriatic j it has been registered under the new 
name 2\ alhidus by Gmeliu. T. cinerarius of Olivi cannot be made out j 
perhaps it is T. adriaticus (Phil.), a common species at Venice, which other- 
wise would have been omitted altogether in Olivi ’s list. It cannot be T. 
varius, — first, because a T. varius is enumerated by Olivi ) and secondly, be- 
cause this species is not at all frequent in the Adriatic. Monodonta ccytjp- 
tiaca (Payraudeau) has nothing to do Avith Trochus varius, but is a very dis- 
tinct species peculiar to the Mediterranean=2’. fanulum (Gmel.). 
Jeffreys, J. G. Report of the Committee for exploring the 
coasts of Shetland by means of the dredge. Report of the 
British Association for the Advancement of Science for 
1863: 1864, pp. 70-81. (Abstract, Journ. Conch, xiii. 
pp. 362-364.) 
The number of species of shells obtained by dredging on 
those coasts has been considerably increased ; some have 
never been found in a living state in any other locality, but 
were knoAvn from fossils only; one, Jeffreysia globularis, has 
never been found elsewhere. Some striking exceptions to the 
general rule that the inhabitants of considerable depths have 
dull and pale colours, are mentioned. 
. Further Report on Shetland Dredgings. Ibid. (1864) 
1865, pp. 327-342. 
Kellia cycladea, Trochus amabilis, Rissoa sarsi and jeff/'ey si, Eu- 
lima stenostoma, Cerithiopsis costulata, Nassa haliaeti, Mangelia 
nivalis, Cylichna alba, a new species of Amphisphyra, Clio retusa, 
and CL infundibulum are the most interesting species of Mollusca 
obtained. Isocardia cor, Natica monilifera, N. sordida, and De~ 
francia gracilis occurred in a living state. The eastern coasts of 
Shetland arc quite beyond the limits of the Gulf-stream, never- 
theless its marine fauna has undoubtedly also a southern cha- 
racter, which is to be traced in some other way, and perhaps to 
a former geological period. Lepeta cccca has been found for the 
first time in this district, dead, but apparently fresh. Living 
Mollusca taken from considerable depths, did not appear to be 
affected by the sudden change of bathymetrical conditions ; on 
the contrary, they tried to escape from the bottom of the vessel, and 
quickly found their way up the sides to the open air ; some floated 
with the sole of the foot uppermost. The ainomit of air held in 
solution by the water increases Aviththe depth, on account of the 
increase of pressure ; and therefore those mbllusks do not find in 
the surface-water the same supply of atmospherical air as they 
have been accustomed to. 
Brady, G. S. Report on Deep-Sea Dredging on the coasts 
of Northumberland and Durham. Report on the Mol- 
