Ciitj^tAbEA . 
323 
periale dcs Sciences de. St. Petersbourg^ p. 41(5, vol. viii. 1865). 
He experimented by means of muscular irritation, warmth, 
electricity, water, oxygen, nitrous oxide, carbonic acid, and am- 
monia j and his observations led him to the following conclu- 
sions : — 
1. That the heart of the Astacus is a muscular organ of trabecular structure 
and belongs to the true hearts (in contradistinction from the lymphatic heart), 
and that it pulsates after it has been removed frohi the body. 
2. That portions of the heart, when cut off, continue their rhythmical pul- 
sation, the more powerfully in proportion to the size of the piece. 
8. That nothing special is known on the nerves of the heart. 
4. That the destruction of the ganglionic central mass of the animal, as 
well as the opening of the dorsal cavity, will cause only a temporary diastolid 
cessation in the pulsation of the beart. 
5. That the heart of Astacus is intermediate in some respects in itS 
structure between the heart of the Vertebrata and the muscle of the Ver- 
tebrata, as it can be tetanized by an induction coil; and it also shows 'its 
muscular structure under the action of an electric current. 
6. That, under the more common physical and chemical reagents, it acts 
precisely like muscle. ' 
Astacus pellucidus. Lucas (Bull. Entom. p. 4, 1864) states that this 
species lives in subterranean places, and Is destitute of organs of vision. A. 
quinquecarinatus (Gray), Hess, Archiv fur Naturg. 7- c. 1865, p. 164, West 
Australia, neighbourhood of Swan River ; A. hicarinatus (Gray), Hess, 1. c. 
p. 164, Port Essington ; A. austimlicnsis (Edw.), Heller, Reise Fregatte Ho- 
vara, p. 100, Sydney. 
Astacoides nobilis (Dana), Heller, 1. c. p. 101, Sydney • also so reported by 
Hess, t. c. p. 164. — A. plehejus, sp. n., Hess, 1. c. p. 164, tab. 7. fig. 17, Sydney | 
A. spinifer, sp. n., Heller, 1. c. p. 102, tab. 9, New Holland. 
Paranejdirops tcnuicornis (Dana), Heller, 1. c. p. 104, from Auckland. 
Crangonidjs. 
Crangon fasciatus (Risso), Norman, Nat. Hist. Trans, Northumberland and 
Durham, vol. i. p. 12, from Fern Island. 
AlPHEIDA5. 
Alpheus hrevirostris (M,-Edw.), Hess, Archiv fiir Naturg. 1865, p. 167, 
Australia ; A.frmitalis (M.-Edw.), Hess, 1. c. p. 167, Australia ; A. Icsvis (Ran- 
dall), Heller, I c. p. 107, from the Nicobars, Sydney, Taiti ; A. charm, Heller, 
I c. p. 107, from the Nicobars; A. frontalis (Say), Heller, 1. c. p. 107> from 
Taiti ; A. avarus (Fabr.), Holler, 1. c. p. 108, from Sydney ; A. gracilipes 
(Stimpson), Heller, 1. c. p. 108, from Taiti. 
Alpheus socialis, sp. n,, Heller, 1. c. p. 106, tab. 10. fig. 1, from Auckland and 
Sydney ; A. crassimanus, sp. n., Heller, 1. c. p. 107, tab, 10. fig. 2, from the 
Nicobars. 
' ' pALiEMONiM. 
Hippolyte gihhosus (Edw.), Heller, Reise Novara, p. 120, from the Nicobars < 
and Taiti ; IT. gibberosus (M.-Edw.), Hess, L c. p. 168, Australia. This 
Y 2 
