338 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
render each system of respiratory apparatus the more efficient for its work, 
the heart should exist in the anterior portion of the body of those animals 
that have the branchial org-ans developed in the pereion, and at the posterior 
portion in those which have them attached to the pleon. 
The organs of respiration in Porcellio have been already described by M. 
Savigny as well as by MM. Diivernoy and Lereboullet; but Prof. Wagner, by 
the assistance of the coloured injection, has been able to trace more clearly 
the course that the blood takes in passing through these organs. Professor 
Wagner shows also the relation of the opercular valves to the respiratory 
system, and contends that, besides their power of protecting the branchial 
plates from injiuy and precluding a too speedy escape of moisture, they 
fulfil, by means of a plexus of minute vessels situated at the base of the 
operculum, a pulmonary function. This organ, which he figures, has, he 
says, a kind of tracheal division into numerous ramifications : seen by trans- 
mitted light it is opaque, viewed by direct light it is silvery white and he 
contends that it is a kind of pulmonary or tracheal chamber, which serves as 
a supplementary organ to the true branchiae. To this the editor of the 
Annal. des Sc. Nat. adds a note in confirmation, and refers to the ‘ Atlas du 
Pegne Animal,’ Cuvier, Crustacea, pi. 70. fig. 1 I, m, and ^ Lemons sur la Phy- 
siologic et I’Anatomie comparee,’ t. ii. p. 141. Our own view of these organs 
of the branchial operculum was that they were glands for the purpose of 
secreting a fluid that lubricated the branchial plates in hot and strongly 
evaporating atmospheres. We were led to this idea from finding that they 
diminished in size in those specimens that we have detained long in glasses. 
Porcellio paulensis, sp. n., Heller, 1. c. p. 13G, tab. xii. fig. 6, from the island 
St. Paul } P. intcvruptuSy sp. n., Heller, 1. c. p. 13G, tab. xii. fig. G, from Chili. 
Deto_ echinata (Guerin), Heller, 1. c. p. 137, from the Cape of Good Hope. 
Tylos latreillii (And.), Heller, 1. c. p. 137, from Gibraltar. 
ENTOMOSTEACA. 
PHYLLOPODA. 
ApodidvE. 
Ajms cancriformis (Schaafier), Lucas, Bull. Ent. 18G4, p. xi, from Algeria 
and the neighbourhood of Constantinople j A. productus (Bose), Lucas, 1. c. 
18G4, p. xi, from the neighbourhood of Hippone, in company with Estheria 
cycladoides. 
Apus granarms, sp. n., Lucas, 1. c. p. xii, from the environs of Pekin; 
A. nunidicusy sp. n., Grube, Arch, fiir Naturgesch. vol. xxx. p. 278, pi. 11. 
fig. 14 Oyh. 
Lepidurus viridis (Baird), King, Trans. Ent. Soc. N. S. Wales, vol. i. pi. 
xi., has figures illustrating the structure without reference in the text. Fr om 
the neighbourhood of Sydney. 
Limnadiad^. 
Estheria cycladoides (Joly), Lucas, Bull. Ent. 18G4, p. xi, neighbourhood 
of Hippone, in company with Apus productus. 
Prof. Grure, in a monograph on the genera and species of 
