736 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
to the oesophagus are three pairs of glands in the twelfth and 
thirteenth segments, the two posterior pairs of which secrete a 
milky fluid, probably to promote digestion. These glands are 
noAV for the first time described. 
Part 2 treats of the secreting and reproductive systems. In 
treating of the reproductive system, Mr. Lankester shows the 
fallacies of the strange views of Dr. Williams, and concludes 
that the (janeratwe system consists of tAVO pairs of testes, situated 
in the eleventh and twelfth segments, connected with two semi- 
nal vesicles; a pair of bifurcated ciliated vasa deferentia, con- 
nected with each testis by means of a ciliated receptacle, enve- 
loped in the fibrous sheath of the testis and opening in the 
fifteenth segment ; a pair of minute transparent ovaries, situated 
in the thirteenth segment, opposite the orifices of two oviducts, 
placed in the fourteenth ; a pair of spermatic reservoirs in the 
tenth and eleventh segments ; five pairs of capsulogenous glands, 
and the cingulum. 
In Part 3 the haemal and nervous systems are described. 
The haemal system consists of a corpusculated colourless fluid 
contained in the somatic cavity, and provided with exits and a 
scries of capillary canals for the entrance of fluid, and of a red- 
coloured non-corpusculated fluid contained in three longi- 
tudinal trunks and their ramifications ; both are albuminous : 
the former is homologous Avith the blood of Insects and Crus- 
tacea, and probably performs a nutritive function ; the latter is 
homologous Avith the water-vascular system of Scolecida, and 
has an excretory or urinary function through the segmental 
organs and a respiratory function in connexion with the oxygen 
'absorbed by the perivisceral fluid. The nervous system consists 
of a supra- and a subintestinal portion, both of which present 
the usual components of fibres and cells. The principal centre 
is the cephalic bilobed ganglion, homologous Avith the corpus 
callosum and the commissure prolonged through the corpora 
quadrigemina. From this in one direction pass the cephalic 
nerves, in the other the pharyngeal crura, uniting beneath the 
pharynx to form the subventral cord and ganglia. From the 
pharyngeal crus four branches on either side unite to form the 
supraintes final chain or plexus discovered by Lockhart Clarke, 
and homologous Avith the sympathetic and visceral ganglia of 
Mollusca. Four other tAvigs on either side are distributed to 
the pharynx. The muscles of the segments are presided over 
by the subventral cord. There are no special organs of sense, 
unless the labial segment should be so considered. The memoir 
concludes Avith a tolerably complete bibliographical record of 
all writings on the anatomy of the EartliAVorm. The plates, 
four in number, are from original draAvings. 
Leydig (/. c. p. 3G5), after describing- in detail the anatomical structure ot 
JEolo^oma (/uaternanum, Elirbg., ligures (fig. 3, pi. viii.) and describes a sup- 
