798 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
racterized by Laving particularly small nuclei. Their colour sometimes is 
peculiar; thus in Acanthostaurus purpurascens^ Acanthochiasma ruhescens, 
and Actinelius purpureus the nuclei are constantly red or reddish. The che- 
mical constitution of these nuclei differs from that of the sarcode-hody ; for 
tliey resist caustic alkalies, which dissolve the latter ; and in the decomposition 
of the E-hizopod they last longer than the sarcode element ; they are most 
certainly formed as the result of the food taken in hy the animal, and they 
can become metamorphosed into ordinary sarcode. The motion of the nuclSi^ 
is passive j they can move from one pseudopod to another on its anastomosing 
for the time. * Foreign bodies, as Diatoms and the like, with which the 
pseudopodia come into contact are grasped by them and carried to the central 
portion of the body to be digested. The siliceous skeletons Badiolaria 
and the chalky shells of the Acytharia are separations from the sarcode. 
Gromia ovifonnis. Reichert (/. c. p. 7d9) distinguishes in the Polythalamia 
two substances independently of the shell — the contractile body-substance 
and the central body-mass ; the former forms the cortical layer of the soft 
body of the Polythalamia. In G. oviformis it probably takes part in the shell- 
formation ; bes des contractility, it also possesses the power of killing the 
creatures on which the Gromia lives : it exhibits sensation, and is probably a 
respiratory organ \ and it can scarcely be doubted that it has an important 
part to play in the growth of the Foraminifer. Still in a state of rest this 
contractile cortical substance cannot be recognized, even with the microscope, 
as a distinct portion of the body. The author then goes on to compare the 
contractile substance of the bodies of the Polythalamia with muscular fibre. 
Uviyerina irreyularis, sp. n., Brady (/. c. p. 100) and Textularia complexa, 
sp. n., Brady (/. c. p. 101). 
Rotalia intermedia^ sp. n. (p. 9, fig. 5), and Bulimina omdum, sp. n. (p. 9, 
fig. 10), are described by Darting (1. c.) as found in the Banda Sea at a depth 
of 1200 fathoms. 
Polytrema miniaceum. Schultze states that Dr. Gray has given this species 
a new name, i. e. Pustularia rosea. This is a mistake. Pustxdaria is quite 
distinct from Polytrema, and, if a Foraminifer, is nearly allied in external 
form to the genus Lepralia, and very unTke the massive form of Polytrema. 
Dr. Gray does not agree with Max Schultze in regarding the spicules of 
Carpenteria or Polytrema as parasitic and part of a sponge (Ann. & Mag. Nat. 
Hist. 1864, January, p. Ill), 
The following new species of Polycystina are described and 
figured by Harting (/. c.) as found in the Banda Sea : — 
At a depth of 1200 fathoms, Ilaliomma nitidum (p, 10, figs. 13 & 14), H. 
gracile (p. 10, fig. 15), II. lens (p. 11, fig. 16), II. pyriforme (p. 11, fig. 17), 
II. scutum (p. 11, fig. 18) ; Flustrella cyclica (p. 11, fig. 19) j Lithocampe 
corhula (p. 12, fig. 21), L. sinuosum (p. 12, fig. 22) ; Podocyrtis Irevipes (p. 12, 
fig. 24) ; Acanthodesmia arcuata (p. 12, fig. 25) ; A. inermis (p. 12, fig. 26). 
At a depth of 2050 fathoms, Ilaliomma polyacanthurn (p. 14, fig. 40) ; H. iner- 
mis (p. 15, fig. 41); II. ohlonyum (p. 15, fig. 42); II. ainphiaspis (p. 15, fig. 43) ; 
Tetrapyle poly acantha (p. 16, fig. 44) ; Rhopalastrum handaicum (p. 16, fig. 45); 
Flustrella micromma (p. 16, fig. 47) ; Cladospyris moluccanus (p. 16, fig. 48) ; 
Podocyrtis micracanthus (p. 17, fig. 49) ; Lithocircus anmdus (p. 17, fig. 60). 
THE END. 
