124 Ins. 
HYMENOPTERA. 
of 100th Mer. (Washington : 1875, 4to), v., Zoology, pp. 705-736, 
pis. xxxiii. & xxxiv. 
133 species are recorded (whereof 17 are treated as new), and one new 
genus is briefly characterized, by Cresson. Norton mentions 22 species 
of ants (3 indicated as new) contained in seven genera. 10 species are 
common to Europe. 
Kriechbaumer, J. Das Studium der Hymenopteren, Winke fiir 
Anf anger in diesem Zweige der Entomclogie. Ent. Nachr. ii. 
pp. 17-22, 33-37, 49-52, 65-72, 85-88, 101-107, 117-119, 133-136, 
149-152, 165-168, 181-184. 
Bibliographical and critical observations intended for beginners. 
Lubbock, Sir J. Observations on Ants, Bees, and Wasps. Part iii. 
J. L. S. xii. pp. 445-514. 
Elaborate details of experiments on the powers of communication, &c., 
exhibited by these insects, in continuation of the author’s former paper 
[Zool. Bee. xii. p. 384]. 
Muller, Hermann. On the Relation between Flowers and Insects. 
Nature, xv. pp. 178-180 ; abstract of an article in the “ Bienen 
Zeitung.” 
Relates exclusively to Hymenoptera (see also Insecta, General Subject, 
supra, p. 2). The author’s conclusions are : 1, that the Tenthredinidce, in 
general intelligence, rearing their young, and finding honey in plants, are 
the lowest of all Hymenoptera observed ; 2, that the hunting- wasps have 
a decidedly higher power of finding honey, and some of them are even 
known to seek flowers, the formation of which is adapted to the Fossores ; 
3, that Frosopis, the least -developed bee, not standing higher than the 
hunting- wasps, is compelled to visit flowers with concealed honey, and 
flowers with only pollen, needed by its young ; 4, that some hunting- 
wasps have a greater development of proboscis than Frosopis, but only 
seek food for themselves, not for their young. The structure of organs 
specially employed in these functions is traced in various salient genera, 
the perfection in solitary bees consisting of increased development of 
pollen-bearing apparatus, prolongation of the lower part of the mouth, 
and increased size of individuals. Hive-bees are more led by colour and 
size than apprehension of form of flowers. 
Radoszkovsky, O. Materiaux pour servir a une faune hym^noptero- 
logique de la Russie. Hor. Ent. Ross. xii. pp. 82-110. 
Two new genera of very vague systematic location and many new 
species are described, chiefly in the Apidee. From the localities of some 
of these, Russia would logically include Italy, Greece, Persia, France, 
and Egypt. 
. Compte-rendu des Hymenopteres recueillis eu Egypte et Abys- 
sinie en 1873. Tom. cit. pp. 111-150. 
Enumerates 113 species, including some described as new, one from the 
Caucasus. 
VOLLENHOVEN, S. C, Sn ELLEN Van. Bijvoegsel tot de Nieuwe Naam- 
