ANTHOZOA. 
Ooel 3 
short mesenteric partitions), are commonly gathered in groups and placed 
upon the uppermost mesenteric chamber of the polypites. Two poly- 
pites, one of each order, are distinguished through their size, viz., one true 
poly pi te placed a little before the anterior extremity of the superior 
stem-canal [the oldest primordial individual of the whole colony ?], 
and one large single zooid placed a little more backwards at the very 
extremity of this canal ; its mouth establishes the only direct communi- 
cation between the channel-system and the sea-water, with the exception 
made of the afferent orifice at the inferior extremity of the stem. The 
position of the (commonly five) conical protuberances at the base of the 
protractile portion of the polypites, in relation to the eight mesenteric 
chambers, is subject to definite rules. The zooecia communicate 
through minute openings in the walls, as do also the two large canals of 
the hollow stem, separated by a longitudinal septum. (The axial skeleton 
of the stem of most other Pennatulidm is wanting.) New individuals 
are formed at the periphery of the polypary, strictly on its inferior sur- 
face, but turned upwards during growth. The polypary is not only 
capable of retiring below the surface of the sand during low-water, but 
also of creeping like a snail over a smooth sea-bottom by voluntary 
motions, and of moving its stem in a trunk-like fashion ; the natural 
position of the stem, however, is vertical, at right angles with the disc, 
which is expanded horizontally at the surface of the sea-bottom, &c. 
Geneea And Species. 
Moseley (7) has published a very suggestive report upon the deep-sea 
corals dredged from 60-1095 fathoms during the cruise of H.MiS. “ Chal- 
lenger.” As the report is only preliminary, and the statistical results 
may be somewhat modified in the final one, a more detailed* account of 
the general results may properly be deferred ; the names of the new 
forms, which have received specifical denominations, are given below. 
On the corals dredged at 56" 1' N. lat., 690 fathoms ; Duncan, P. E. S. 
1876, p. 223. 
(Actinidje) Cerianthus borealis, Verrill, Tr. Conn. Ac. iii. p. 64, pi. ii. 
fig. 5 ; JSpizoanthus americanus^ Verr., ibid. pi. viii. fig. 2. 
(TurbinoliDjE') Conocyathus zelandice, sp. n., Duncan (2), p. 431, pi. 
xxxviii. figs. 1-3 (Cook’s Strait, New Zealand) (allied to the miocene C. 
sulcatus, from Mayence). 
Deltocyathus orientalis, sp. n., id. ibid. pi. xxxviii. figs. 4-7, Japanese 
Seas, 34° 12' N. lat., 136" 20' E. long., 52 fathoms (allied to the miocene 
D. italicus). D. magnificus, sp. n., Moseley (7), p. 552 (off Ke Island, 
129 fathoms). 
Platytrochus rubescens, Moseley (7), p. 553 (Ke Island). 
Paracyathus persicus, sp. n., Duncan, 1. c. p. 431, pi. xxxviii. figs. 8-10' 
(Persian Gulf) ; P. coronatus, sp. n., id. 1. c. p. 432, pi. xxxviii. figs. 11-13 
(Persian Gulf). 
Under the name of “ Turbinolidce reptantes ’’ a new subfamily is de- 
fined : “ Corals rising from a prolongation of the basal structures, some- 
