INSECTA. 
205 
l^inned, as contimiing for a quarter of an hour to feed upon a Dasytes ater. 
He infers that the pain experienced must he very slight. ' ’ 
Hildebrand states that the intervention of Insects is necessary for the 
fecundation of Corydalia cam. International Botan. Congr. London, 1806; 
Arch. Cosmol. 1867, pp. 197-198. 
Bail (Stett. ent. Zeit. 1867, pp. 456-462) gives an account of his observa- 
tions on epidemic diseases produced in Insects by the growth of parasitic 
fungi, instancing particularly an epidemic of the common Scatophaga stereo- 
raria about Danzig in 1866, and another which attacked various Caterpillars. 
His observations are published in full in the ^ Osterprogramm dor Realschulo 
zu St. Johann in Danzig ; ’ and he remarks upon the importance of the study' 
of the conditions of these diseases, as possibly throwing light upon the causes 
of epidemics in Man and the higher aninials. 
Fbauenfeld (Verb, zool.-hot. Ges. in Wien, xvii. pp. 783-784) notices 
certain Insects of various orders which made their appearance in unusual 
abundance in 1867. The Insects noticed, besides Meligethes <Bimis and 
Anisoplia austriaca, are 3 species of Sawllies and Pontia hrassicce. 
Kunstler publishes (Verb, zool.-hot. Ges. in Wien, xvii. pp. 913-962) an 
elaborate report on injurious Insects of various orders observed in different 
parts of the Austrian empire in 1866 and 1867. The following statement 
{1. c. p. 914) shows the plants injured and the Insects observed upon 
them : — . : ^ 
Cereals : — Zahrus gibhus^ Anisoplia austriaca, Oxythyrea stictica, Agrio- 
tes segetis, Malachius ceneus, Omoplilus lepturoides, Sitophilus gra- 
narius, Calopteniis italicus, Oi'thop)teron sp., Chlorops strigida, Chi- 
ronomus stercorariiis, Agrotis segetum. 
Pulse : — Oxythyrea stictica. 
Coleworts : — Athalid spinarvm. 
Bape : — Meligethes ceneus, Athalia spinariim. 
Flax : — Athalia spinarum, Plusia gamma. 
Vines ; — Otiorhynchus ligustici. 
Fruit trees: — Cheimatobia brumata, Hibernia defoliaria, Amphidasys 
pomonaria. 
Meadows : — Penthophora morio. 
Pines : — Gastropacha pini. 
Leveill:^ mentions a case of serious injury, including paralysis of one side, 
supposed to be caused by the bite of an Insect, probably a Beetle. Bull. Soc. 
Ent. Fr. 1867, p. Ixxviii. 
A. Forel (Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. ix. pp. 72-84) has given a notice of 
the Insects attacking the Colza plant in the Canton de Vaud, indicating them 
successively in order of the vegetation of the plant. The first are the Alticce 
(pleracea, rap<x, nemorum, nigro-cenea, exoleta, brassicce, and atricilla), followed 
by Athalia centifolix^, which reappears in August and September. In October 
and November the larvre of Baridius ccerulescens are to be found in excre- 
scences upon the collar of the plant ; and the characters of these larvse are de- 
scribed by the author. They quit the plant in April and May, to become 
pupfe in the ground. Meligethes viridescens, ceneus, and lumbaris, and 
Eprtrea cestiva attack the parts of fructification. Cetonia hirta is also men- 
tioned by the author in a note as occasionally injurious. The fruit, when 
formed, is attacked by the larvfe of Ceuthorhynchus nopi and sy rites, Ypso- 
