310 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
eludes senilis (Fab.) j 2. B, senilis (Smith nec Fab.) = (Steph.) ; 
8. B. smithianus (White) is distinct from arcticus (Dahlb.) j 10. B. cullu- 
manus (Kirby) is regarded as a distinct species and A, donovanella (Kirby) 
as probably its $ j 13. B. soroensis (Fab.) includes B. collinus (Smith) ; 16. 
B. lucorum (Linn.) includes B. sporadicus (Nyl.) and B. et icetorum (Curt.), 
Smith (Entomologist, iii.) has published a revision of the British species 
of the genera Colletes Q. c. pp, 296-298), Prosopis (/. c. pp. 305-310), and 
Sphecodes (1. c. pp. 320-326 & 336-338). He notices the general habits of 
the Insects, and gives the synonymy of the species, with remarks on their 
distribution &c. The following synonymic indications may be cited from 
it: — Prosopis dilatata and anmdaris are identical ; P. armillata (Nyl.) pro- 
bably =P. punctulatissima (Smith) j Melitta annulata (Kirby) = P. commu- 
nis. P, varipes (Smith) is entirely unnoticed j is it to be suppressed ? and if 
so to what species does it belong ? P. bifasciata (Jur.) is described as British 
on the authority of a specimen taken by Ijeach. Under the genus Sphecodes 
{I, c. pp. 321-325) Smith discusses Sicheks results as to the species of this 
genus, in which he does not concur. Smith here, as in his catalogue of 
British Bees, accepts 6 species, the differential characters of which he indi- 
cates. These species are : — 1, S. gibhus j 2. S. rufiventris^^ Tiphia rujiventris 
(Panz.) =P/cAroa analis (111.) = /S', rufescens (Smith olim) j 3. S. subquadra- 
tu8\ 4. S. ephippius=S. maculatus (St. F.) j and 6. S.fusdpennis. 
Packard publishes (Amer. Nat. i. pp. 364-378) a general account of the 
habits of Bees, illustrated chiefly from North American species. lie notices 
the tropical Trigonice and Melipona}, the Bombi, of which more than 40 North 
American species are known, Xylocopa virginica, Ceratina dupla, Megachile 
centuncularis, and species of Osmia, and describes their parasites &c. The 
accompanying plate (pi. 10) contains figures of cells of the Humble-Bee 
(figs. 1 & 2), of X. virginica with its larva and nest (figs. 3-6), of the larva 
and pupa of Anthrax sinuosa (figs. 6 & 7), of a Megachile and its cells (figs. 8 & 
9), of the larva and cells of Ceratina dupla (figs. 10 & 11), of the cells of Os- 
mia lignivo)'a (fig. 12), O. simillima (figs. 13 & 14), and of a ma.ss of ^‘bee-bread’’ 
formed by O. lignaria (fig. 16). 
Smith remarks that in his opinion all Bees pass the winter either in the 
perfect or in the larval states. In proof of the power of the larva to resist 
cold, he states that he has frozen larvae of Anthophora so that they could be 
snapped in two, yet they retained their vitality. (Entomologist, iii. p. 190.) 
Megachile argentata. On the habits of this species, see Smith, Entomolo- 
gist, iii. p. 196. Smith also notes tliat he observed M. centuncularis cutting 
the scarlet petals of Geraniums to line its nest (/. c. p, 196). 
F. Smith notices some nests of Megachile willughbiella and other species of 
Megachile. Proc. Ent. Soc. 1867, p. cvi. 
Ceratina ccendea. Smith remarks on the habits of this species. Entomo- 
logist, iii. p. 197. 
Packard (Amer. Nat. i. p. 162) notices the habits of some species of 
Bees, especially Xylocopa and Ceratina, from the observations of James Angus. 
Smith (Ent. Annual, 1868, pp. 89-90) notices the occurrence of stylopized 
specimens of Ilalictus abdominalis and M. obovatus, and remarks upon the ge- 
neral phenomenon of stylopization. The same author also notices (1. c. 
pp. 90-92) some peculiarities in the habits of the Bombi. 
Goureau (Insectes nuisible.s, pp, 102-111) notices the Bombi {B. mus- 
