322 
ZOOLOGICAl. LITJSRATUllE. 
Formicid^. 
Hagens (Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1867, pp; 101-108) discusses the relations of 
the ants forming mixed colonies. He distinguishes here two categories, 
namely, Rohber-ants ” and ‘^Guest-ants.” The “Quest-ants” live in 
their three sexes in the colonies of other species. Under this category, Hagens 
refers to : — Stenamma tvestwoodii (Westw.), found in nests of F. rufa and con-- 
gerens j Tomognathus sublcevis (Nyl.), ^ only known, and found in colonies of 
Leptothorax acervorum and muscorum ; and A^emorlioptrum lipjndum (Nyl.) ^ , 
found usually with Lasius fuUginosus, also with Formica sanguinea and La- 
siiis brunneus. The author met, near Elberfeld, with ^ and wingless $ of 
this species forming a colony, and also captured the S 5 Myrmecina latreillii 
(Curt.) ^ found with F. 7'ufa, and also in independent colonies. Other 
species are met with occasionally in large ants’ nests. Hagens notices his 
having found, in a colony of F. rufa^ $ ^ of Mymiica Iccvinodk^ scabrhiodis, 
lobicomis, Leptothorax acervoi'um and Tetramorium ccespitmn, and a wingless 
$ of L. fuUginosus. 
Under the head of “ Kobber-ants,” or those which carry off larvae and 
pupae from strange colonies, and employ the ^ produced from these as 
slaves, Hagens notices the habits and natural history of the following- 
species : — Formica sanguinea (Lat.), Polyergus rufescens (Lat.), Strongylo- 
gnathus testaceus (Schenck), and Mynnica atratula (Schenck). The Stron- 
gylognathm appears rather to take up its abode with Tetramormn cecspitum, 
and, from the author’s account of its habits, cannot be regarded as a robber j 
he seems inclined to think that Strongylognathus is a monstrous development 
of Tetrd^norium. In the case of Myrmica atratula^ also, the phenomenon is 
one only of cohabitation. 
Goureau (Insectes nuisibles, pp. 74-89) describes the following species of 
ants as troublesome or mischievous, especially when they intrude into houses : 
— Formica ligniperda^ fuligmosa, cxmicularia, and nigi'a, and Myrmica ccespi- 
tum unifasciata, and fugax. He also notices as destroyers of ants : — Myrme- 
IconfornxicarixmXf Dysdera eiythrinUf and Micx'ophantiis foi'micivorus. 
Smith (Ent. Annual, 1868, pp. 93-96) remarks upon the habits of some 
species of ants, and, especially, gives a list of the species found by Rothney in 
a single nest of F. sangumea. 
Bond calls attention to the description of an immense swarm of ants at 
Coburg, at the end of August 1865. The swarm produced the appearance 
of smoke, issuing from the church of St. Maurice, in that city. Proc. Ent. 
Soc. 1865, p. 114. 
Fritsch (Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1867, pp. 259-260) notices the habits of the 
South-African ants, some of which are very troublesome in houses. 
Newman notices an ant, said to be found in decayed pine-stumps in Scot- 
land, resembling F. hex'cxdanea, but thought by Smith to be identical with a 
North-American species. Proc. Ent. Soc. 1867, pp. Ixxvi-lxxvii, also Ento- 
molog-ist, iii. p. 224. 
(Ecodoxna texaxia (Buckl.). G. Lincecum publishes an account of his ol)- 
servations on the habits of this species, the Cutting-Ant of Texas. Proc. 
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1867, pp. 24-31. 
Buckley redescribes his species CEcodoma texana (“Cutting- Ant”) and 
Myrmica {Monmxxmium) moUfaciens. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. vi. pp. 347 & 348. 
Fai.lou and Gibaud notice the occurrence in Paris, on the 21st .Tuly, 1867, 
