356 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
ground of one year’s priority; M, hcetica (Ramb.) differs in certain cha- 
racters from M. artemiSf var. desfontainesiy to which it is referred by Staii- 
dinger; M. deione (Iliibn.) is probably a local variety of dthalia) M. cory~ 
thalia (HUbn.) = ilf. dictynna (Esp.) ; M. aphcea (Freyer) is probably a var. 
of athalia and not of hntomartis. The author also discusses the distinctive 
characters of M. athalia^ aurelia, and pm'tlimk. 
MoUtcea parthenie (Borldi.). Speyer (Stett. ent. Zeit. 1867, pp. 65-71) 
discusses the characters of this species, which has been identified with M. 
aurelia (Nick.). From Borkhausen’s description Speyer shows that M. 
parthenie is identical with parthenoides (Keferst.) and also = parthenie of 
Meyer-Dur and probably of Ochsenheiiner. M, deione (Iliibn.) is probably 
a southern form of the same species. Specimens of his M. aphcea sent to 
Speyer by Freyer are typical examples of parthenie. The author notices the 
characters and natural history of other allied forms, and cites their occurrence 
in favour of the Darwinian theory of the origin of species. 
Ileterochroa arete (M^n^tr.) is figured by Ilewitson, Exot. Butt. 62, April 
1867, Heter. fig. 1, and H. melona (Hew.), ibid. fig. 2. 
Stainton figures Vanessa atalcmta (Brit. Butt. & Moths, pi. 2. fig. 1). 
Precis hara (Moore). Prittwitz (Stett. ent. Zeit. 1867, p. 272) remarks 
on the characters of this species. 
Adolias cocytus (Fab.). Prittwitz (1. c. pp. 272-273) describes <5‘ and $ 
of this species. 
Aryynnis leopardina (Lucas) ^ Melitcea? macidata (Brem.) according to 
Ballion, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1867, p. 340. 
According to Pfiitzner (Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1867, p. 208) Melitcea hrito- 
martis (Assm.) is a var. of M. parthenie (Borkh.). 
Prittwitz (Stett. ent. Zeit. 1867, pp. 269-270) remarks on the characters 
of Melitcea palla (Boisd.), on variations of M. phaeton (Drury) and Agraidis 
junOy and on the occurrence of Apatura druryi and Cethosia pheerusa on the 
Ohanchomaya. 
Q. Allard notices Vanessa cardui, Melitcea cetherie and didyma, and Ar- 
gynnis pandora among the Buttorllics of Algeria (Ann, Soc, Ent. Fr. 4“ s6r. 
vii. pp. 314-315). 
Lucas records the occurrence of Limenitis sibylla in Japan. Bull. Soc. Ent. 
Fi’. 1867, p. V. . 
Pyrameis cardui. Fereday notices the capture of an example of this 
species in Canterbury province, N. Z. ; and Bates remarks on its variation and 
distribution. The Australian and New-Zealand specimens form a race dis- 
tinguished by having ocellated spots on the hind wings j the South-American 
examples supposed to be P. cardui belong to a rosy variety of P. huntera. 
Proc. Ent. Soc. 1867, p. Ixxxvii. 
Barrett notices the copulation of Vanessa cardui in spring. Ent. M. 
Mag. iv. p. 13. 
A. Makowsky notices (Verb, naturf. Ver. in Briinn, iv. Sitzungsb. pp. 61- 
62) the occurrence of an unusual number of larvcfe of Vanessa cardui in Mo- 
ravia in J uue 1866. They attacked a great variety of Syngenesious plants, 
and also fed on Dipsacus fullonum. 
Limenitis sibylla. The habits of the larva and pupa noticed by Barrett, 
Ent. M. Mag. iv. pp. 13 & 35, 
The larval of the following species are described by Buckler (Ent. M, 
