MbititscAi 4§& 
CoNTRlfiUttONd TO FAtJfAS. / 
fti Lartd- and Freshwater Molluscai 
1. Bur ope 4 
Fdrber, According to the list given by Dr. Mobch there occur in ihese 
islands only 7 species of land- and 4 or 6 of freshwater shells^ viz. Arion 
ater, A, cinctus, var. hortensis, LimaX agrestis and marginatnSf Vitrina peU 
lucidUf Hydlinia alliaria^ and Hygromia hispida^ Limncea peregra and trxm- 
catula^ Bithinia tmtacidata (doubtful with regard to the locality), Pisidimn 
pulchellum and P. pusilliim^ var. The latter was formerly considered to be 
a distinct species, P. ferrocnse^ by Dr. Morch and Temple trime^ but ifi 
now reunited by the former with P< pusillum, which is generally spread 
through the northern half of Europe, so that not one species is peculiar to this 
group of islands. NatUrhist. Forenings Vidensk. Meddelels. pp. 72-74, 94-^100. 
Sweden, A netv list of the land- and freshwater mollusks of this kingdom 
is given by 0. Agardh-Westeblunp, Mai, Blatt. xiv. pp. 200-203, with 
interesting remarlis concerning the northern limits of some species. Helix 
liarpa and Vertigo arctica occur only in the northernmost parts/ not southwards 
of 03°. H. rnderata and Ilyalina viridula extend northwards to 68° at least, 
whereas JL rotiindata, IL pura^ cellaria^ nitidula^ and alliaria are not found 
beyond 69^° (Stockholm). Flanorhis cornens and PI, complanatm [fontanus^ 
reach 60° — the former near the coast of the Baltic only, being absent in the in- 
land and western provinces, as well as in Norway j Limncea glabra to 69°, but 
only in the inland provinces ; Planorbis nitidiis to 68° ) Paludina contecta \xivi- 
jpara. Mini.] and vieipara [/ascfa^u,Mull. = fl!c^«^twfl5,Drap.]exclUde each other, 
never being foutid together in the Same district) the former is the more 
southern species ; and the limit between them iS situated at about 68°, Mai. 
Blatt. xiv. p. 203. [Both are found near Berlin, but farely in the same watef.] 
HaUtman enUnierates 42 terrestrial gastropods and 34 freshwater mollusks 
from the neighbourhood of Stockholm, QEfvers. K. Vetensk. Akkd. Forhandl. 
Stockholm, 1866, pp. 381-394. This list is the more valuable as previous 
lists of Swedish land- and freshwater mollusks were made in rridre Southern 
localities, viz. Lund, Gotheborg, and Renneby, province of Blekinge, by 
Nilsson, Malm, and Westerlund. The more remarkable spedieS of the list 
are : — Umax fnaxhmiSf Helix alliaria, hammoiiis) viriduldj pura^ crystallitia, 
aculeata^ strlgella, horteMis, poniatia (in a park), lapicida (father coWirhon, 
but nowhere abundant) it is remarkable that AT, 6tc?enA, andPU/*mUs 
ohsctirus have not been observed), Ptqjd columella^ kibstridta, dlpestris^ Balia 
perversa, Clausilia laminata, nigricans, and plicatula, Amphipeplea gliitinos'a, 
Planorbis corneus, Paludina achatina^ Bithynia xenttxeoia, Neritina Jltiviatilis, 
Pisidium pulchellum, subtruncatum, pusillUm^ obtusal'e, and nitiddm% 
Compared with the malacological fauna of the province of NCrike, tVhich 
was explored some years ago by the same author, the humber of species is 
nearly the saihe, ten species living near Stockholm being absent ill NerikC, 
whilst 16 of Nerike are not found near Stockholhl. NSrike is situated hearly 
in the same latitude, but far distant from the sea ) its temperature iS ioT^fef ) 
hilt limestone is abundant, whilst it is very sdarcC near Stockholm ) thiS iS the 
reason why the mollusks of Nerike are not only somewhat more niohCrous 
in species, but much more so in individuals, than neat* StockhoM. 
Holstein, C. M. Poulsen enumerates 69 species living near Flensburg, 
