422 
VERMES. 
bosouJors zoologiaclior Jiozielmiig- ' (Marbuij^- : 1872), ibr a short notice of the 
marine worms of the Canaries. 
Saks gives an interesting sketch of the lower animal life on the submarine 
banks (“ Stor-Eggen ”) that follow the Norwegian coast at a rather consi- 
derable distance, in a depth of 80 fathoms, separated from the mainland by a 
broad sheet of water, enumerating the different species ( Crustacea, Annulosa, 
Mollusca, Tunicata, Polyzoa, JEckinodermata, Codenterata)'^h\ch inhabit, 1, the 
deep water outside tlie “ edge,” at 400 fathoms ; 2, the reef itself, at a depth 
of 80-100 fathoms j and, 3, the sea-bottom inside the reef, at 50-60 fathoms. 
The new species are recorded below. This author also gives an admirable 
sketch of the animal life in one of the deep ‘‘fjords” of western Norway, in 
the introductory part of which he records the occurrence of several mollusks, 
worms (10), 1 Echinoderm, and 16 lihizopods at 500 fathoms in the inner- 
most part of the Hardanger- fjord. Eorh. Selsk. Chr. 1871, p. 252 et seq.\ 
1. c. 1872, pp. 73-119. 
65 Annelids, 3 Chcetognatha {Sagitta), 2 Acanthocephala, 4 Nematoda, 
6 Cestoida, 3 Trematoda, and 67 Turbellaria observed in the Black Sea are 
noticed by Basil Ulianin in his “Materials for a fauna of the Black Sea” 
(in Russian), 1872, 4to, pp. 53-58. 
Anatomy, Evolution, ^c. 
Gueeff, SB. ges. Marb. 1872, p. 100, gives a preliminary account of the 
anatomy of Thalassema and Echiurus. 
Kowalewsky, Z. wiss. Zool. xxii. p. 284, publishes short notes on the 
respiratory and generative organs of Thalassema, and the evolution of the 
embryo into a larva of the “ Lovenian ” type. 
Allman (1) contributes a short note on the development of a Mitraria 
in the gulf of Spezzia, and the differences between it and the species studied 
by MetschSikolf. 
Marion (8) describes the testes and ovaria in Oria armandi and in a new 
Annelid of the family Maldanice as provided with a distinct enveloping mem- 
brane and recalling those of Enchytrcbus and Tubifex. The circulatory system 
in Oria (recalling that of Amphiglene mediterranea) is also described. 
Perrier (12) has published a careful anatomical investigation of Dero 
obtusa. 
Vaillant’s paper (Zool. Rec. viii. p. 450) on the anatomy and acclimatiza- 
tion of Perichceta diffringens is translated in Ann. N. II. (4) ix. pp. 322-324. 
Criticizing the theory “ that the abyssal regions might depend solely for 
their light upon the phosphorescence of their inhabitants, and that this lumi- 
nosity in the dark abysses of the sea fulfils, in regard to the great object of the 
supply of food, the functions performed in the upper world by the light of day,” 
MTntosh (9) contributes an interesting series of observations on luminosity 
in {Ilydrozoa and) Anmdnta of the littoral and laminarian zonas {Ch<stopterus, 
Harmothoe, Polynoe, Eunoe, EusylUs, Aphlebina), most of which are tubicolar 
or of concealed habitat. In discussing the “ protozoic- absorption theory,” 
remarkable tenacity of life is noticed in Eunice norvegica (and Linens marinus'), 
preserved alive for years without food in small quantities of sea-water. In 
opposition to the theory that turbidity of the water could explain the want 
of life in the greater depths of the Mediterranean, it is pointed out that many 
