430 
VEaMES. 
other hand, Linstow (2) found that, in a small fluke encysted in freshwater 
Gammari, self-fecundation probably takes place in this encysted state. Some 
specimens are found without any trace of sexual organs j in others the sperai- 
sac is full of moving spermatozoids, and the female organs are in course of 
formation ; in others, again, both kinds of sexual organs are fully developed, 
and mature eggs with perfect egg-shells and beginning embryonic evolution 
are present. The fecundation must take place during the revolving of the ani- 
mal in the cyst. (The organ of copulation in this species is not placed in the 
vicinity of the vulva, but behind the ventral disk.) This fluke migrates into 
its (unknown) second host (where it, perhaps, only dwells for a short period, 
during which the ova are expelled) in a state of sexual maturity. Leuckart 
made a similar observation on an encysted Distome in larvae of Ephemera. 
The following helminthological contributions of a mixed chamcter, published 
some years ago, but hitherto unnoticed, may here be recorded: — 
Olsson, P. Entozoa, iakttagna hos Skandinaviska hafsfiskar. 
I. PlatYelminthes. Act. Lund. iii. & iv., 1867, pp. 113, c. 
tab. 5. 
The author has dissected 860 specimens of 76 species of fishes from the Scan- 
dinavian coasts, and describes 23 species of perfect Cestoids (18 Scoleces) and 
83 of Trematodes (many of them figured), after a general account of the struc- 
ture and natural history of the Platyelminths. As the work must necessarily 
be consulted by zoologists studying the marine Helminth fauna of any North- 
Atlantic district, it may be sufficient to notice the new species : — Bothrioce- 
phalus angusticeps (Sebastes norvegicus) ^ Distoma hergense {Murcma anguilla)^ 
D. hotryophoron (^Cycloptei'us, Molva^ &c.), D. commune {Labrus, sp. plur., and 
other fishes), D.fellis (Anarrichas lupus'), D.furcigerum (Pleuroneetes limanda, 
&c.), D. increscens {Scomber, Merluccius, &c.), D. rtibellum {Labrus maculaUts), 
D. vtviparum {Pleur, mia'ocephalus), Echeneibothrium affine (various species 
of Raja), Pliyllobothrium acanihm-vulgaris, Tctrabothrium maculatum {Lamna 
cornubica), T. norvegicum (Spinax niger), 
Hannover, A. lagttagelser over indkapslede Indvoldsorme hos 
Froen. Dan. Selsk. Skr. vii. 1864, pp. 15, pi. 2. 
Cysts of five dilferent kinds, containing Entozoa, are commonly found in 
frogs ; three with Nematodes, two with Trematodes, are described and figured, 
and all questions connected with their occurrence carefully discussed. 
PeJJafiel, A., & Herrera, A. Apuntes para la Helminto- 
iogia Mexicana. Nat. Mex., Ent. 2^ & 8% 1869-70, pp. 
53-56 and 173-176. 
On the occurrence of Distoma hepaticum, Strongylus Jilaria, and S. micrurus 
in the domesticated animals of Mexico, and the damages which they produce. 
A list of the collection of Entozoa collected by Dr. Hering and presented 
by him to the Stuttgard Museum is published, JH. Ver. Wiirt. xxviii. 
pp. 129-262. 
A very useful synopsis of the Entozoa of the domestic animals (horse, ox, 
sheep, pig, dog, cat, geese, ducks, and chickens), ^‘Husdyrenes Indvoldsorme,” 
by Krabbe, Tidsskr. f. Veterin. (2) ii. 1872, is noticed by Cobbold, ^The 
Veterinairan,’ xlvi. p. 341. 
