G R APTOLI T H I DM. CT K N O P H ORA . 
469 
Siphonopho7'a and Med\is<B, with 6 plates. Of the species illustrated the 
most important are : — 'Praia medusa^ Halistetnma pictmn, Dipurma fertilise 
Boagainvillia rfrca, llJiopalonema vclatmn, Encope poh/gadrica, Aglanra hcrni- 
sto)na, Tima pellucida, Siplionorhgnchus hitentaculatus y Cimina prohoscidea and 
sb'iata, Polyxenia leucostyla.- 
Anthcmodrs canarimsis, Sc sp. nn., Iliichcl (4), Canaries. 
For P. E. Muller’s observations on Diphijidcs, cf. supra, p. 401. 
According to Brandt (2), the fossil Acalepha deperdita, Beyr., has no alHnity 
with the Trachy7icmid<7>, but with Cwmia, Eui'yhia, Sic. 
Spagnolini (15) describes the craspedote Medusa3 observed at Naples, 
Messina, and Nice (no new species). 
GRAPTOLITHIDiE. 
1. Allman, G. J. On the morphology and affinities of Grap- 
tolites. Ann. N. H. (4) ix. pp. 364-389. 
Mostly reprinted (with additions) from tho author’s worh on the Tlydroids. 
lie argues that tlie hydrothccro of Graptolites cannot bo correctly compared 
with the ordinary liydrothecrc of Ilydroids, but only with tl)e fixed noniato- 
phora of the Plu77iulariid(X. x hence tho conclusion that Graptolites were, after 
all, hydrozoan colonies, consisting only of rhizopodal (amoeboid) zooids ; 
such arc found exceptionally in recent Ph(77mla7 iid(c, in tho ^corbulre,^ and in 
peculiar branches, portions of stems, &c. in certain species. Graptolites 
are therefore the connecting link between Bhizopoda and Hydrozoa, viz. 
Plu77iida7-iidce with suppressed true hydrothecfe, the whole nutritive function 
being given over to the nematophores ; and, on the other hand, the Plu77nt- 
lai iidoi are tho only recent Hydrozoa which still preserve a vestige of this, 
in palaeozoic times predominant (ancestral?) organization. Tho “gonangia” 
observ'ed by Hall and Hopkinson are compared with the leaflets of tho 
“ corbulae ” j while Nicholson’s “ ovarian vesicles ” have no connexion with 
the generative system of Graptolites. 
2. Hopkinson, J. On Callograptus radicans, a new dendroid 
Graptolite. Op. cit. x. pp. 233-237, pi. 10. 
The dendroid Graptolites (Ec7idrograj)ius, Ptilograptus, Dictyo7\c77ia, See.), 
wanting the chitinoiis ‘‘virgula” and the ‘‘ radicula” of i\\e RJiahdopho7 a, 
Alim., were probably all attnehed in the manner of recent Scrtularidco, from 
which they cannot, as far as their structure hitherto is elucidated, be sepa- 
rated by any character of ordinal value, and to which they are still more 
nearly related than the true Graptolites. 
3. Nicholson, H. A. Monograph of the British Gr'aptolithideB. 
Part I. Edinburgh. [Cf. Nature, v. p. 418.) 
Ctenophora. 
1. Eimer, T. Vorlaufige Mittheilung uber die Nerven von 
Bero'e. Arch. mikr. Anat. viii. pp. 646-651. 
Incapable of abstraction. 
