SPONGOZOA. 
479 
Cnminm osculosus, Grube, Abh. schles. Ges. 18G9-1872, pp. 132-134, 
pi. 2. fig. 3, St. Malo. (2 other species of sponge, from Roscolf, noticed 
p. 144; a few sponges are also alluded to by Fisher and Folin, C. R. l.c. 
pp. 760-763.) 
IIarting (15) describes and illustrates the very variable external appear- 
ance and the microscopic structure of the groat Indian ‘^Neptune’s cup” (Poie- 
riott, Schleg., Paphiclojjhora, Gray). Among the numerous variations of shape, 
one with slender stalk and compressed 2-lipped calyx is separated as P. am- 
2)hitrita’[-tes^ (pi. 3. figs. 12-10), from the typical P. patera (Hardw.) or 
7ieptmit, Schl. ; it is doubtful, however, if they are really specifically distinct. 
[The irregtilar cavities in the walls of the cup described by the author are 
due to the presence of parasitic crabs.] 
Tethya dactyloidea, Garter (3) : description of structure and comparison with 
Teiilla polyura, 0. S. T. antarctka^ Carter (4), Antarctic Ocean, lat. 74|° and 
77^° S., long. 175^^ W., in 206-300 fath. T. zetlandica^ Carter, /. c., Shetland 
Islands. \_Cf. Bowerbank’s criticism on these species (1).] T. {Tethea) rnuri- 
vata and 7mca, Bow., ITainmorfest, T. mynllij Austifilia,, T. norvnyim, from 
Trondhiem to North Cape, 20-200 fath., described by Bowerbank (2), 
pp. 115-122, pi. 5. 
Geodia macandreioi and harretti^ Bowerb., id. 1. c. pp. 100-201, pis. 10 & 11, 
Norway, 100 fath. ; G. tuberculosa, Bow., Mexico, tumulosd, Bow., Honduras, 
Jamaica, and Pachymatisma areolatum, Bow., Red Sea : id, 1. c. pp. 626-632, 
pis. 46-43. 
Po^sella (g. n.) aidarctica, Carter, 1. c., in company with Tethya antai'ctiea, 
established on spicules entangled by this sponge ; peripheral spicula with 
cruciform lieads, the 4 arms covered with spines and spiuules ; podal spicula 
with anchor-heads of 4 recurved arms, (fee. II. p)hiiippinensis, Gray, shortly 
alliuh'd to by Carter (7) and (Jray (13). 
llnlispouyia choiinoides, sp. n., Bowerbank (2), pp. 122-125, pi. 6, Australia. 
IPjmeniacidon pulvinatus, Calibert Quay, 20 miles east of Belize, in 8 feet 
water : id. 1. c. pp. 126 & 127 (‘^ the largest recent sponge known ”). IT. «w- 
yulatus, Bow., Madeira : id. 1. c. pp. 632 & 633, pi. 49. 
Aplysma corneistellata, Carter (6), Vigo Bay. 
Suberites domimcida. The oscules virguli formes ” mentioned in the 
original diagnosis are, as observed by lies Moulins (17), due to small Gammari 
installed in the super'icinl layer of the sponge, which incrusts and envelops 
shells inliabited by Pagurus. 
Meyerina, (previously J/cjrerc//rt), g. n.. Gray (12). Sponge simple, elongate- 
fusiform, clavate, acute at the apex, at which are placed several tufts of short 
cylindrical fibres; longitudinal ridges irregularly disposed, often inosculating, 
leaving variously shaped deep concavities on the surface ; the ridges and 
numerous irregular, often confluent, elevations in the concavities furnished 
with large oscula of various shape on the upper surface. The sides of the 
ridges and the tops of the prominences united by a fine cobweb-like netted 
coat, formed of numerous fibres, and pierced by numerous minute and close 
perforations. Stem cylindrical, thick, ending in a thick cylindrical tuft of 
elongated glassy fibre, anchoring the sponge in the sand ; numerous cylin- 
drical bunches of fibre are seen through the substance, extending throughout 
the greater part of the length of the stem. Type 31. claviformis, Gray, 
riiilippines. The microscopical structure, demonstrating its close affinity 
2 I 2 
